1. Characterisation and immunomodulating activities of exo-polysaccharides from submerged cultivation of Hypsizigus marmoreus
- Author
-
Yuan-Feng Zou, Kari Tvete Inngjerdingen, Bing-Zhao Zhang, Berit Smestad Paulsen, Pei-Sheng Yan, Frode Rise, and Terje E. Michaelsen
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Mushroom ,Molecular mass ,Rhamnose ,Macrophages ,Monosaccharides ,General Medicine ,Biology ,Nitric Oxide ,Polysaccharide ,Analytical Chemistry ,Molecular Weight ,Edible mushroom ,Structure-Activity Relationship ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Biochemistry ,chemistry ,Polysaccharides ,Arabinogalactan ,Immunologic Factors ,Monosaccharide ,Agaricales ,Food Science ,Glucan - Abstract
Exo-polysaccharides were purified and characterized from the fermentation broth of Hypsizigus marmoreus, a popular edible mushroom consumed in Asia. Among them, B-I-I and B-II-I exhibited potent complement fixating activity, meanwhile, B-N-I, B-I-I, B-II-I and B-II-II exhibited significant macrophage stimulating activity. Molecular weights of the four exo-polysaccharides were determined to be 6.3, 120, 150 and 11 kDa respectively. Molecular characterisation showed that B-N-I is basically an α-1 → 4 glucan, with branches on C6; B-I-I is a heavily branched α-mannan with 1 → 2 linked main chain. B-II-I and B-II-II, have a backbone of rhamno-galacturonan with 1 → 2 linked l -rhamnose interspersed with 1 → 4 linked galacturonic acid. Structure–activity relationship analysis indicated that monosaccharide compositions, molecular weight, certain structural units (rhamno-galacturonan type I and arabinogalactan type II) are the principal factors responsible for potent complement fixating and macrophage-stimulating activities. Their immunomodulating activities may, at least partly, explain the health benefits of the mushroom.
- Published
- 2014