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Bioactive compounds were extracted using two different extraction solvents (acetone and water) from pulp and whole grape berries derived from hybrid Vitis vinifera L. varieties Sweet sapphire (SP) and Sweet surprise (SU) and were characterised based on a comprehensive metabolomic approach by chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MSE and GC-FID/MS). GC-FID/MS analysis was performed with two different extraction methods (solvent extraction method and solid-phase extraction). Anthocyanins were characterised and quantified by HPLC-UV. The antioxidant potential was assessed by different assays. SP acetone extract from grape skin had the highest mean to DPPH, FRAP, ORAC and phenolic content SP samples, also showed higher anthocyanin content. Globally, 87 phenolic compounds were identified. The relative quantification by UPLC-MSE showed flavonoids the most abundant class. Forty two compounds were found in the volatile fraction of SU, while only thirty one volatile compounds were found in the SP samples.

Unconventional parts of vegetables represent a rich source of health-promoting phytochemicals. The phenolic profile of cabbage-stalk flour (CSF), pineapple-crown flour (PCF), and their essential oils were characterized via UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MSE and GC-FID/MS. Antimicrobial activity was tested against five strains, and antioxidant activities were determined in free and bound extracts. Globally, 177 phenolics were tentatively identified in PCF (major p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde) and 56 in CSF (major chlorogenic acid, quercetin 3-O-glucuronide, and p-coumaric acid). PCF exhibited a distinguished profile (lignans, stilbenes) and antioxidant capacity, especially in bound extracts (1.3 g GAE.100 g−1; 0.6 g catechin eq.100 g−1; DPPH: 244.7; ABTS: 467.8; FRAP: 762.6 µg TE.g−1, ORAC: 40.9 mg TE.g−1). The main classes of volatile compounds were fatty acids, their esters, and terpenes in CSF (30) and PCF (41). A comprehensive metabolomic approach revealed CSF and PCF as a promising source of PC, showing great antioxidant and discrete antimicrobial activities.

Soluble proteins were extracted from common wheat flour obtained from nine cultivars of different qualities and were analyzed by nanoUPLC and Ultra Definition Mass Spectrometry (UDMSE) label-free quantitative approach. Collectively, 5894 proteins were identified and quantified with 8 peptides/protein. A total of 414 proteins were found differentially expressed with 85% proteins not yet described in the literature, according to their biological function. Quality-related proteins, such as puroindolines and chaperones, notably involved in the gluten-protein folding process, were up-regulated in superior (SP) and medium (MD) flours qualities and down-regulated in the low (LW) ones. Domains related to the chaperones activity were also found up-regulated in SP and MD and down-regulated in LW. In this work, nanoUPLC-UDMSE analysis was effective to identify and quantify metabolic proteins, allowing a clear distinction of the wheat flours and providing new perspectives for evaluating the technological quality based on the low abundant proteins of wheat endosperm.