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Aiming at the problem of simultaneous tracking of other vehicles in the process of intelligent vehicles driving on the road, a multi-object tracking method based on binary particle swarm optimization is proposed. In this paper, the state equation and measurement equation of tracking target are established based on radar data, the measurement data of multiple scanning periods of radar are correlated to form a variety of assumptions with possible orbit, and the orbit is scored by likelihood ratio to form a mixed integer linear programming problem, which is solved by discrete binary particle swarm optimization algorithm. The problem of correlation between the measured value and the target at each time is solved, and the track discrimination of the tracking target is realized. Finally, through the simulation in MATLAB, the data results verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]