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On the space of probability densities, we extend the Wasserstein geodesics to the case of higher-order interpolation such as cubic spline interpolation. After presenting the natural extension of cubic splines to the Wasserstein space, we propose a simpler approach based on the relaxation of the variational problem on the path space. We explore two different numerical approaches, one based on multimarginal optimal transport and entropic regularization and the other based on semi-discrete optimal transport., Author(s): Jean-David Benamou [sup.1] [sup.2] , Thomas O. Gallouët [sup.1] [sup.2] , François-Xavier Vialard [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (Aff1) grid.5328.c, 0000 0001 2186 3954, Project Team Mokaplan, INRIA, , 2 Rue [...]

We approximate the regular solutions of the incompressible Euler equations by the solution of ODEs on finite-dimensional spaces. Our approach combines Arnold’s interpretation of the solution of the Euler equations for incompressible and inviscid fluids as geodesics in the space of measure-preserving diffeomorphisms, and an extrinsic approximation of the equations of geodesics due to Brenier. Using recently developed semi-discrete optimal transport solvers, this approach yields a numerical scheme which is able to handle problems of realistic size in 2D. Our purpose in this article is to establish the convergence of this scheme towards regular solutions of the incompressible Euler equations, and to provide numerical experiments on a few simple test cases in 2D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]