1. Protective and Regenerative Roles of T Cells in Central Nervous System Disorders
- Author
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Frances L. Evans, Marie Dittmer, Alerie G. de la Fuente, and Denise C. Fitzgerald
- Subjects
central nervous system ,adaptive immune system ,CD4+ T cells ,neurological disorders ,regeneration ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Pathogenic mechanisms of T cells in several central nervous system (CNS) disorders are well-established. However, more recent studies have uncovered compelling beneficial roles of T cells in neurological diseases, ranging from tissue protection to regeneration. These divergent functions arise due to the diversity of T cell subsets, particularly CD4+ T cells. Here, we review the beneficial impact of T cell subsets in a range of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases including multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke, and CNS trauma. Both T cell-secreted mediators and direct cell contact-dependent mechanisms deliver neuroprotective, neuroregenerative and immunomodulatory signals in these settings. Understanding the molecular details of these beneficial T cell mechanisms will provide novel targets for therapeutic exploitation that can be applied to a range of neurological disorders.
- Published
- 2019
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