1. Update on Fc-Mediated Antibody Functions Against HIV-1 Beyond Neutralization
- Author
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Bin Su, Stefania Dispinseri, Valeria Iannone, Tong Zhang, Hao Wu, Raphael Carapito, Seiamak Bahram, Gabriella Scarlatti, and Christiane Moog
- Subjects
HIV-1 ,antibody functions ,non-neutralizing antibodies ,FcR-mediated inhibition ,ADCC ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Antibodies (Abs) are the major component of the humoral immune response and a key player in vaccination. The precise Ab-mediated inhibitory mechanisms leading to in vivo protection against HIV have not been elucidated. In addition to the desired viral capture and neutralizing Ab functions, complex Ab-dependent mechanisms that involve engaging immune effector cells to clear infected host cells, immune complexes, and opsonized virus have been proposed as being relevant. These inhibitory mechanisms involve Fc-mediated effector functions leading to Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, phagocytosis, cell-mediated virus inhibition, aggregation, and complement inhibition. Indeed, the decreased risk of infection observed in the RV144 HIV-1 vaccine trial was correlated with the production of non-neutralizing inhibitory Abs, highlighting the role of Ab inhibitory functions besides neutralization. Moreover, Ab isotypes and subclasses recognizing specific HIV envelope epitopes as well as pecular Fc-receptor polymorphisms have been associated with disease progression. These findings further support the need to define which Fc-mediated Ab inhibitory functions leading to protection are critical for HIV vaccine design. Herein, based on our previous review Su & Moog Front Immunol 2014, we update the different inhibitory properties of HIV-specific Abs that may potentially contribute to HIV protection.
- Published
- 2019
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