20 results on '"Jiatao Xie"'
Search Results
2. A Novel Ourmia-Like Mycovirus Confers Hypovirulence-Associated Traits on Fusarium oxysporum
- Author
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Ying Zhao, Yuanyan Zhang, Xinru Wan, Yuanyuan She, Min Li, Huijun Xi, Jiatao Xie, and Caiyi Wen
- Subjects
Fusarium oxysporum ,ourmia-like virus ,hypovirulence ,mycovirus ,transfection ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. momordicae (FoM) is an important fungal disease that affects the production of bitter gourd. Hypovirulence-associated mycoviruses have great potential and application prospects for controlling the fungal disease. In this study, a novel ourmia-like virus, named Fusarium oxysporum ourmia-like virus 1 (FoOuLV1), was isolated from FoM strain HuN8. The viral genomic RNA is 2,712 nucleotides (nt) in length and contains an open reading frame (ORF) encoding a putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) using either standard or mitochondrial codes. In strain HuN8, there was also a FoOuLV1-associated RNA segment with 1,173 nt in length with no sequence homology. Phylogenetic analysis showed that FoOuLV1 is a member of the genus Magoulivirus of the family Botourmiaviridae. FoOuLV1 was found to be associated with hypovirulence in FoM. Moreover, FoOuLV1 and its hypovirulence trait can be transmitted horizontally to other FoM strains and also to other formae speciale strains of F. oxysporum. In addition, FoOuLV1 showed significant biological control effect against the bitter gourd Fusarium wilt. To our knowledge, this study reveals the first description of a hypovirulence-associated ourmia-like mycovirus, which has the potential to the biological control of Fusarium wilt.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. A Single ssRNA Segment Encoding RdRp Is Sufficient for Replication, Infection, and Transmission of Ourmia-Like Virus in Fungi
- Author
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Qihua Wang, Fan Mu, Jiatao Xie, Jiasen Cheng, Yanping Fu, and Daohong Jiang
- Subjects
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ,Botourmiaviridae ,ourmia-like virus ,mycovirus ,transfection ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Recently, an increasing number of ourmia-like viruses have been found in fungi; however, the features of these viruses remain unknown. Here, we report a novel ourmia-like virus isolated from Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. This virus, named S. sclerotiorum ourmia-like virus 4 (SsOLV4), has a genome 2,982 nt in length with a G-pentamer (GGGGG) at the 5′-terminus and a C-pentamer (CCCCC) at the 3′-terminus. The SsOLV4 genome has only one large putative open reading frame (ORF) predicted with both standard codes and mitochondrial codes and encodes an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). SsOLV4 is closely phylogenetically related to Pyricularia oryzae ourmia-like virus 1, with 42% identity between the RdRp amino acid sequences. We constructed full-length cDNA of SsOLV4 and synthesized RNA in vitro using the T7 RNA polymerase. The synthesized RNA could transfect S. sclerotiorum protoplasts efficiently. We further found that viral RNA could infect mycelia when mixed with PEG buffer. Our study suggests that a novel genus in family Botourmiaviridae should be established for SsOLV4 and other related viruses and demonstrates that one single-stranded RNA segment encoding RdRp is sufficient for ourmia-like viruses in fungi.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Host Transcriptional Response of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Induced by the Mycoparasite Coniothyrium minitans
- Author
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Huizhang Zhao, Ting Zhou, Jiatao Xie, Jiasen Cheng, Daohong Jiang, and Yanping Fu
- Subjects
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ,Coniothyrium minitans ,shikimate pathway ,effector ,necrosis- and ethylene-inducing peptide 1 ,mycoparasitism ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Mycoparasite Coniothyrium minitans parasitizes specifically the mycelia or sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a worldwidely spread plant fungal pathogen causing serious diseases on crops. The interaction of C. minitans with S. sclerotiorum remains reciprocal and complex and little is known, especially on the side of the host (S. sclerotiorum). In this study, the early transcriptional response of S. sclerotiorum to the mycoparasitism by C. minitans was explored and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed. Based on GO ontology, KEGG pathway and fungal categories database, 887 up-regulated DEGs were enriched in the growth related function (i.e., rRNA processing, ribosome biogenesis, binding and transport), while the 546 down-regulated DEGs were enriched in the stress-related functions (i.e., oxidoreductase, response to stress and heat and the chorismate biosynthetic process). The expression of shikimate pathway and the biosynthesis of phenylalanine involving genes was significantly suppressed. Furthermore, 581 unenriched DEGs were explored in the parasitizing process and were mapped on the Pfam domains of redox enzymes, Alpha/Beta hydrolase, haloacid dehalogenase, and other universal conserved domain containing proteins. Thirty-two DEGs encoding candidate effectors, with 16 up-regulated and 16 down-regulated, were observed with diverse function. SS1G_11912 (encoding SsNEP2) was significantly up-regulated and may function in the parasitism. The involving of the shikimate pathway of phenylalanine biosynthesis and effector candidates were discussed. The results provide a basal understand on the interaction of S. sclerotiorum and C. minitans.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Discovery of Two Mycoviruses by High-Throughput Sequencing and Assembly of Mycovirus-Derived Small Silencing RNAs From a Hypovirulent Strain of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
- Author
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Qianqian Wang, Shufen Cheng, Xueqiong Xiao, Jiasen Cheng, Yanping Fu, Tao Chen, Daohong Jiang, and Jiatao Xie
- Subjects
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ,mycovirus ,botybirnavirus ,Tymoviridae ,high-throughput sequencing ,small RNA ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, an important phytopathogenic fungus, harbors rich diversity of mycoviruses. Lately, more mycoviruses can be successfully and accurately discovered by deep sequencing, especially those that could not be detected by traditional double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) extraction. Previously, we reported that the hypovirulent S. sclerotiorum strain SZ-150 is coinfected by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum hypovirus 1 (SsHV1) and its related satellite RNA. Here, aside from SsHV1, we detected two other mycoviruses, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum botybirnavirus 3 (SsBV3/SZ-150) and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum mycotymovirus 1 (SsMTV1/SZ-150), coinfecting strain SZ-150, by deep sequencing and assembly of mycovirus-derived small RNAs and determined their full-length genomes. The genome of SsBV3/SZ-150 was found to be composed of two linear dsRNA segments, 6,212, and 5,880 bp in size, respectively. Each dsRNA segment of SsBV3/SZ-150 contains a large open reading frame (ORF) encoding RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and a hypothetical protein. The whole genome of SsBV3/SZ-150 shares more than 95% sequence identity with Botrytis porri botybirnavirus 1 (BpBV1) at the nucleotide (nt) or amino acid level. Thus, SsBV3/SZ-150 was assumed to be a strain of BpBV1. The genome of SsMTV1/SZ-150 consists of 6,391 nt excluding the poly(A) tail. SsMTV1/SZ-150 was predicted to contain a large ORF that encodes a putative replication-associated polyprotein (RP) with three conserved domains of viral RNA methyltransferase, viral RNA helicase, and RdRp. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that SsMTV1/SZ-150 is related, albeit distantly, to members of the family Tymoviridae. Analysis of the small RNAs derived from SsBV3/SZ-150 and SsMTV1/SZ-150 revealed that small-RNA lengths mainly range from 20 to 24 nt, with a peak at 22 nt, and the most abundant 5′-terminal nucleotide is uridine, suggesting that the Dicer 2 and Argonaute 1, two key components in the RNA inference pathway, may play important roles in the resistance to mycoviral infection in S. sclerotiorum. Neither SsBV3/SZ-150 nor SsMTV1/SZ-150 is a causal agent of hypovirulence in strain SZ-150.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Functional Analysis of the Melanin-Associated Gene CmMR1 in Coniothyrium minitans
- Author
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Chenwei Luo, Huizhang Zhao, Xiaoxiang Yang, Cuicui Qiang, Jiasen Cheng, Jiatao Xie, Tao Chen, Daohong Jiang, and Yanping Fu
- Subjects
Coniothyrium minitans ,melanin ,transcription factor MR ,ROS ,UV-tolerance ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Coniothyrium minitans is a sclerotial parasite, which has been investigated for commercial control of crop diseases caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Previously, we obtained a T-DNA insertional mutant, ZS-1TN24363, which did not produce melanin during conidiation. To understand the function of melanin in C. minitans, we cloned the gene that was disrupted by the T-DNA insertion, and found that this gene, called CmMR1, encoded a putative protein of 1,011 amino acids, which is a homolog of the transcription factor MR. Full-length CmMR1 contains 3,167 bp, with three exons and two introns. To confirm that the disrupted gene is responsible for the melanin-deficiency of the mutant, CmMR1 was disrupted and three targeted knockout mutants were obtained. Biological assays showed that the phenotype of the targeted knockout mutants was similar to that of the T-DNA insertional mutant. Furthermore, gene complementation confirmed that CmMR1 is responsible for the mutant phenotype. CmMR1 disruption did not affect hyphal growth, conidiation, and parasitization of C. minitans, however, the ROS accumulation increased and tolerance to UV light decreased significantly in the mutants. Our result may enhance the understanding of melanin in the ecology of C. minitans on molecular level.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Dicer-Like Proteins Regulate Sexual Development via the Biogenesis of Perithecium-Specific MicroRNAs in a Plant Pathogenic Fungus Fusarium graminearum
- Author
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Wenping Zeng, Jie Wang, Ying Wang, Jing Lin, Yanping Fu, Jiatao Xie, Daohong Jiang, Tao Chen, Huiquan Liu, and Jiasen Cheng
- Subjects
microRNAs ,sexual development ,perithecium-specific milRNAs ,dicer-like protein ,Fusarium graminearum ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Ascospores act as the primary inoculum of Fusarium graminearum, which causes the destructive disease Fusarium head blight (FHB), or scab. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported in the F. graminearum vegetative stage, and Fgdcl2 is involved in microRNA-like RNA (milRNA) biogenesis but has no major impact on vegetative growth, abiotic stress or pathogenesis. In the present study, we found that ascospore discharge was decreased in the Fgdcl1 deletion mutant, and completely blocked in the double-deletion mutant of Fgdcl1 and Fgdcl2. Besides, more immature asci were observed in the double-deletion mutant. Interestingly, the up-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) common to ΔFgdcl1 and ΔFgdcl1/2 were related to ion transmembrane transporter and membrane components. The combination of small RNA and transcriptome sequencing with bioinformatics analysis predicted 143 novel milRNAs in wild-type perithecia, and 138 of these milRNAs partly or absolutely depended on Fgdcl1, while only 5 novel milRNAs were still obtained in the Fgdcl1 and Fgdcl2 double-deletion mutant. Furthermore, 117 potential target genes were predicted. Overall, Fgdcl1 and Fgdcl2 genes were partly functionally redundant in ascospore discharge and perithecium-specific milRNA generation in F. graminearum, and these perithecium-specific milRNAs play potential roles in sexual development.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Virome Characterization of a Collection of S. sclerotiorum from Australia
- Author
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Fan Mu, Jiatao Xie, Shufen Cheng, Ming Pei You, Martin J. Barbetti, Jichun Jia, Qianqian Wang, Jiasen Cheng, Yanping Fu, Tao Chen, and Daohong Jiang
- Subjects
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ,RNA_sequencing ,mycovirus ,virome ,Australia ,virus diversity ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a devastating plant pathogen that attacks numerous economically important broad acre and vegetable crops worldwide. Mycoviruses are widespread viruses that infect fungi, including S. sclerotiorum. As there were no previous reports of the presence of mycoviruses in this pathogen in Australia, studies were undertaken using RNA_Seq analysis to determine the diversity of mycoviruses in 84 Australian S. sclerotiorum isolates collected from various hosts. After RNA sequences were subjected to BLASTp analysis using NCBI database, 285 contigs representing partial or complete genomes of 57 mycoviruses were obtained, and 34 of these (59.6%) were novel viruses. These 57 viruses were grouped into 10 distinct lineages, namely Endornaviridae (four novel mycoviruses), Genomoviridae (isolate of SsHADV-1), Hypoviridae (two novel mycoviruses), Mononegavirales (four novel mycovirusess), Narnaviridae (10 novel mycoviruses), Partitiviridae (two novel mycoviruses), Ourmiavirus (two novel mycovirus), Tombusviridae (two novel mycoviruses), Totiviridae (one novel mycovirus), Tymovirales (five novel mycoviruses), and two non-classified mycoviruses lineages (one Botrytis porri RNA virus 1, one distantly related to Aspergillus fumigatus tetramycovirus-1). Twenty-five mitoviruses were determined and mitoviruses were dominant in the isolates tested. This is not only the first study to show existence of mycoviruses in S. sclerotiorum in Australia, but highlights how they are widespread and that many novel mycoviruses occur there. Further characterization of these mycoviruses is warranted, both in terms of exploring these novel mycoviruses for innovative biocontrol of Sclerotinia diseases and in enhancing our overall knowledge on viral diversity, taxonomy, ecology, and evolution.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Uninterrupted Expression of CmSIT1 in a Sclerotial Parasite Coniothyrium minitans Leads to Reduced Growth and Enhanced Antifungal Ability
- Author
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Xiping Sun, Ying Zhao, Jichun Jia, Jiatao Xie, Jiasen Cheng, Huiquan Liu, Daohong Jiang, and Yanping Fu
- Subjects
Coniothyrium minitans ,siderophore-mediated iron transport ,antifungal substances ,Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ,biological control ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Coniothyrium minitans is an important mycoparasite of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. In addition, it also produces small amounts of antifungal substances. ZS-1TN1812, an abnormal mutant, was originally screened from a T-DNA insertional library. This mutant showed abnormal growth phenotype and could significantly inhibit the growth of S. sclerotiorum when dual-cultured on a PDA plate. When spraying the filtrate of ZS-1TN1812 on the leaves of rapeseed, S. sclerotiorum infection was significantly inhibited, suggesting that the antifungal substances produced by this mutant were effective on rapeseed leaves. The thermo-tolerant antifungal substances could specifically suppress the growth of S. sclerotiorum, but could not significantly suppress the growth of another fungus, Colletotrichum higginsianum. However, C. higginsianum was more sensitive to proteinous antibiotics than S. sclerotiorum. The T-DNA insertion in ZS-1TN1812 activated the expression of CmSIT1, a gene involved in siderophore-mediated iron transport. It was also determined that mutant ZS-1TN1812 produced hypha with high iron levels. In the wild-type strain ZS-1, CmSIT1 was expressed only when in contact with S. sclerotiorum, and consistent overexpression of CmSIT1 showed similar phenotypes as ZS-1TN1812. Therefore, activated expression of CmSIT1 leads to the enhanced antifungal ability, and CmSIT1 is a potential gene for improving the control ability of C. minitans.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Transcriptome Analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana in Response to Plasmodiophora brassicae during Early Infection
- Author
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Daohong Jiang, Ying Zhao, Kai Bi, Zhixiao Gao, Tao Chen, Huiquan Liu, Jiatao Xie, Jiasen Cheng, and Yanping Fu
- Subjects
Arabidopsis thaliana ,Plasmodiophora brassicae ,clubroot ,transcriptome ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Clubroot disease is a serious threat to cruciferous plants worldwide, especially to oilseed rape. However, knowledge on pathogenic molecular mechanisms and host interaction is limited. We presume that the recognition between Arabidopsis thaliana and Plasmodiophora brassicae occurs at the early stage of infection and within a relatively short period. In this study, we demonstrated changes on gene expression and pathways in A. thaliana during early infection with P. brassicae using transcriptome analysis. We identified 1,903 and 1,359 DEGs at 24 and 48 h post-inoculation (hpi), respectively. Flavonoids and the lignin synthesis pathways were enhanced, glucosinolates, terpenoids, and proanthocyanidins accumulated and many hormonal- and receptor-kinase related genes were expressed, caused by P. brassicae infection during its early phase. Therefore, the early interaction between A. thaliana and P. brassicae plays an important role in the entire infection process. The results provide a new contribution to a better understanding of the interaction between host plants and P. brassicae, as well as the development of future measures for the prevention of clubroot.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Histone H3 Lysine 9 Methyltransferase DIM5 is required for the development and virulence of Botrytis cinerea
- Author
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Xiaoli Zhang, Xinqiang Liu, Yanli Zhao, Jiasen Cheng, Jiatao Xie, Yanping Fu, Daohong Jiang, and Tao Chen
- Subjects
Virulence ,development ,Histone H3 lysine 9 methyltransferase ,Botrytis cinerea ,H3K9 trimethylation ,BcDIM5 ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Histone methylation is widely present in animals, plants and fungi, and the methylation modification of histone H3 has important biological functions. Methylation of Lys9 of histone H3 (H3K9) has been proven to regulate chromatin structure, gene silencing, transcriptional activation, plant metabolism and other processes. In this work, we investigated the functions of a H3K9 methyltransferase gene BcDIM5 in Botrytis cinerea, which contains a PreSET domain, a SET domain and a PostSET domain. Characterization of BcDIM5 knockout transformants showed that the hyphal growth rate and production of conidiophores and sclerotia were significantly reduced, while complementary transformation of BcDIM5 could restore the phenotypes to the levels of wild type. Pathogenicity assays revealed that BcDIM5 was essential for full virulence of B. cinerea. BcDIM5 knockout transformants exhibited decreased virulence, down-regulated expression of some pathogenic genes and drastically decreased H3K9 trimethylation level. However, knockout transformants of other two genes heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) BcHP1 and DNA methyltransferase (DIM2) BcDIM2 did not exhibit significant change in the growth phenotype and virulence compared with the wild type. Our results indicate that H3K9 methyltransferase BcDIM5 is required for H3K9 trimethylation to regulate the development and virulence of B. cinerea.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. A Novel Ourmia-Like Mycovirus Confers Hypovirulence-Associated Traits on Fusarium oxysporum
- Author
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Yuanyuan She, Huijun Xi, Jiatao Xie, Xinru Wan, Ying Zhao, Yuanyan Zhang, Min Li, and Caiyi Wen
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,Genetics ,hypovirulence ,Bitter gourd ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,RNA ,food and beverages ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Microbiology ,Virus ,Fusarium wilt ,lcsh:Microbiology ,ourmia-like virus ,Fusarium oxysporum ,Open reading frame ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,transfection ,mycovirus ,RNA polymerase ,Mycovirus ,Original Research - Abstract
Fusarium wilt caused byFusarium oxysporumf. sp.momordicae(FoM) is an important fungal disease that affects the production of bitter gourd. Hypovirulence-associated mycoviruses have great potential and application prospects for controlling the fungal disease. In this study, a novel ourmia-like virus, namedFusarium oxysporumourmia-like virus 1 (FoOuLV1), was isolated fromFoMstrain HuN8. The viral genomic RNA is 2,712 nucleotides (nt) in length and contains an open reading frame (ORF) encoding a putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) using either standard or mitochondrial codes. In strain HuN8, there was also a FoOuLV1-associated RNA segment with 1,173 nt in length with no sequence homology. Phylogenetic analysis showed that FoOuLV1 is a member of the genusMagoulivirusof the familyBotourmiaviridae. FoOuLV1 was found to be associated with hypovirulence inFoM. Moreover, FoOuLV1 and its hypovirulence trait can be transmitted horizontally to otherFoMstrains and also to other formae speciale strains ofF. oxysporum. In addition, FoOuLV1 showed significant biological control effect against the bitter gourd Fusarium wilt. To our knowledge, this study reveals the first description of a hypovirulence-associated ourmia-like mycovirus, which has the potential to the biological control of Fusarium wilt.
- Published
- 2020
13. A Single ssRNA Segment Encoding RdRp Is Sufficient for Replication, Infection, and Transmission of Ourmia-Like Virus in Fungi
- Author
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Qihua Wang, Fan Mu, Jiatao Xie, Jiasen Cheng, Yanping Fu, and Daohong Jiang
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,viruses ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,Microbiology ,Virus ,lcsh:Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,mycovirus ,Complementary DNA ,RNA polymerase ,medicine ,T7 RNA polymerase ,030304 developmental biology ,Original Research ,Botourmiaviridae ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,030306 microbiology ,Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ,RNA ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,ourmia-like virus ,Open reading frame ,chemistry ,transfection ,Mycovirus ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Recently, an increasing number of ourmia-like viruses have been found in fungi; however, the features of these viruses remain unknown. Here, we report a novel ourmia-like virus isolated from Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. This virus, named S. sclerotiorum ourmia-like virus 4 (SsOLV4), has a genome 2,982 nt in length with a G-pentamer (GGGGG) at the 5'-terminus and a C-pentamer (CCCCC) at the 3'-terminus. The SsOLV4 genome has only one large putative open reading frame (ORF) predicted with both standard codes and mitochondrial codes and encodes an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). SsOLV4 is closely phylogenetically related to Pyricularia oryzae ourmia-like virus 1, with 42% identity between the RdRp amino acid sequences. We constructed full-length cDNA of SsOLV4 and synthesized RNA in vitro using the T7 RNA polymerase. The synthesized RNA could transfect S. sclerotiorum protoplasts efficiently. We further found that viral RNA could infect mycelia when mixed with PEG buffer. Our study suggests that a novel genus in family Botourmiaviridae should be established for SsOLV4 and other related viruses and demonstrates that one single-stranded RNA segment encoding RdRp is sufficient for ourmia-like viruses in fungi.
- Published
- 2019
14. Host Transcriptional Response of
- Author
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Huizhang, Zhao, Ting, Zhou, Jiatao, Xie, Jiasen, Cheng, Daohong, Jiang, and Yanping, Fu
- Subjects
effector ,Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ,shikimate pathway ,necrosis- and ethylene-inducing peptide 1 ,Coniothyrium minitans ,Microbiology ,mycoparasitism ,Original Research - Abstract
Mycoparasite Coniothyrium minitans parasitizes specifically the mycelia or sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a worldwidely spread plant fungal pathogen causing serious diseases on crops. The interaction of C. minitans with S. sclerotiorum remains reciprocal and complex and little is known, especially on the side of the host (S. sclerotiorum). In this study, the early transcriptional response of S. sclerotiorum to the mycoparasitism by C. minitans was explored and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed. Based on GO ontology, KEGG pathway and fungal categories database, 887 up-regulated DEGs were enriched in the growth related function (i.e., rRNA processing, ribosome biogenesis, binding and transport), while the 546 down-regulated DEGs were enriched in the stress-related functions (i.e., oxidoreductase, response to stress and heat and the chorismate biosynthetic process). The expression of shikimate pathway and the biosynthesis of phenylalanine involving genes was significantly suppressed. Furthermore, 581 unenriched DEGs were explored in the parasitizing process and were mapped on the Pfam domains of redox enzymes, Alpha/Beta hydrolase, haloacid dehalogenase, and other universal conserved domain containing proteins. Thirty-two DEGs encoding candidate effectors, with 16 up-regulated and 16 down-regulated, were observed with diverse function. SS1G_11912 (encoding SsNEP2) was significantly up-regulated and may function in the parasitism. The involving of the shikimate pathway of phenylalanine biosynthesis and effector candidates were discussed. The results provide a basal understand on the interaction of S. sclerotiorum and C. minitans.
- Published
- 2019
15. Virome Characterization of a Collection of
- Author
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Fan, Mu, Jiatao, Xie, Shufen, Cheng, Ming Pei, You, Martin J, Barbetti, Jichun, Jia, Qianqian, Wang, Jiasen, Cheng, Yanping, Fu, Tao, Chen, and Daohong, Jiang
- Subjects
virome ,RNA_sequencing ,Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ,mycovirus ,Australia ,virus diversity ,biocontrol ,Microbiology ,Original Research - Abstract
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a devastating plant pathogen that attacks numerous economically important broad acre and vegetable crops worldwide. Mycoviruses are widespread viruses that infect fungi, including S. sclerotiorum. As there were no previous reports of the presence of mycoviruses in this pathogen in Australia, studies were undertaken using RNA_Seq analysis to determine the diversity of mycoviruses in 84 Australian S. sclerotiorum isolates collected from various hosts. After RNA sequences were subjected to BLASTp analysis using NCBI database, 285 contigs representing partial or complete genomes of 57 mycoviruses were obtained, and 34 of these (59.6%) were novel viruses. These 57 viruses were grouped into 10 distinct lineages, namely Endornaviridae (four novel mycoviruses), Genomoviridae (isolate of SsHADV-1), Hypoviridae (two novel mycoviruses), Mononegavirales (four novel mycovirusess), Narnaviridae (10 novel mycoviruses), Partitiviridae (two novel mycoviruses), Ourmiavirus (two novel mycovirus), Tombusviridae (two novel mycoviruses), Totiviridae (one novel mycovirus), Tymovirales (five novel mycoviruses), and two non-classified mycoviruses lineages (one Botrytis porri RNA virus 1, one distantly related to Aspergillus fumigatus tetramycovirus-1). Twenty-five mitoviruses were determined and mitoviruses were dominant in the isolates tested. This is not only the first study to show existence of mycoviruses in S. sclerotiorum in Australia, but highlights how they are widespread and that many novel mycoviruses occur there. Further characterization of these mycoviruses is warranted, both in terms of exploring these novel mycoviruses for innovative biocontrol of Sclerotinia diseases and in enhancing our overall knowledge on viral diversity, taxonomy, ecology, and evolution.
- Published
- 2017
16. Uninterrupted Expression of
- Author
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Xiping, Sun, Ying, Zhao, Jichun, Jia, Jiatao, Xie, Jiasen, Cheng, Huiquan, Liu, Daohong, Jiang, and Yanping, Fu
- Subjects
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ,Coniothyrium minitans ,biological control ,siderophore-mediated iron transport ,Microbiology ,Original Research ,antifungal substances - Abstract
Coniothyrium minitans is an important mycoparasite of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. In addition, it also produces small amounts of antifungal substances. ZS-1TN1812, an abnormal mutant, was originally screened from a T-DNA insertional library. This mutant showed abnormal growth phenotype and could significantly inhibit the growth of S. sclerotiorum when dual-cultured on a PDA plate. When spraying the filtrate of ZS-1TN1812 on the leaves of rapeseed, S. sclerotiorum infection was significantly inhibited, suggesting that the antifungal substances produced by this mutant were effective on rapeseed leaves. The thermo-tolerant antifungal substances could specifically suppress the growth of S. sclerotiorum, but could not significantly suppress the growth of another fungus, Colletotrichum higginsianum. However, C. higginsianum was more sensitive to proteinous antibiotics than S. sclerotiorum. The T-DNA insertion in ZS-1TN1812 activated the expression of CmSIT1, a gene involved in siderophore-mediated iron transport. It was also determined that mutant ZS-1TN1812 produced hypha with high iron levels. In the wild-type strain ZS-1, CmSIT1 was expressed only when in contact with S. sclerotiorum, and consistent overexpression of CmSIT1 showed similar phenotypes as ZS-1TN1812. Therefore, activated expression of CmSIT1 leads to the enhanced antifungal ability, and CmSIT1 is a potential gene for improving the control ability of C. minitans.
- Published
- 2017
17. Histone H3 Lysine 9 Methyltransferase DIM5 Is Required for the Development and Virulence of Botrytis cinerea
- Author
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Tao Chen, Yanping Fu, Xinqiang Liu, Jiatao Xie, Yanli Zhao, Xiaoli Zhang, Jiasen Cheng, and Daohong Jiang
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,Virulence ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Microbiology ,DNA methyltransferase ,lcsh:Microbiology ,Botrytis cinerea ,03 medical and health sciences ,Histone H3 ,Histone methylation ,development ,Key words: Botrytis cinerea ,Original Research ,Genetics ,fungi ,EZH2 ,Histone H3 lysine 9 methyltransferase ,030104 developmental biology ,H3K9 trimethylation ,Histone methyltransferase ,Methyltransferase Gene ,Heterochromatin protein 1 ,BcDIM5 ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Histone methylation is widely present in animals, plants and fungi, and the methylation modification of histone H3 has important biological functions. Methylation of Lys9 of histone H3 (H3K9) has been proven to regulate chromatin structure, gene silencing, transcriptional activation, plant metabolism, and other processes. In this work, we investigated the functions of a H3K9 methyltransferase gene BcDIM5 in Botrytis cinerea, which contains a PreSET domain, a SET domain and a PostSET domain. Characterization of BcDIM5 knockout transformants showed that the hyphal growth rate and production of conidiophores and sclerotia were significantly reduced, while complementary transformation of BcDIM5 could restore the phenotypes to the levels of wild type. Pathogenicity assays revealed that BcDIM5 was essential for full virulence of B. cinerea. BcDIM5 knockout transformants exhibited decreased virulence, down-regulated expression of some pathogenic genes and drastically decreased H3K9 trimethylation level. However, knockout transformants of other two genes heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) BcHP1 and DNA methyltransferase (DIM2) BcDIM2 did not exhibit significant change in the growth phenotype and virulence compared with the wild type. Our results indicate that H3K9 methyltransferase BcDIM5 is required for H3K9 trimethylation to regulate the development and virulence of B. cinerea.
- Published
- 2016
18. Transcriptome Analysis of
- Author
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Ying, Zhao, Kai, Bi, Zhixiao, Gao, Tao, Chen, Huiquan, Liu, Jiatao, Xie, Jiasen, Cheng, Yanping, Fu, and Daohong, Jiang
- Subjects
Arabidopsis thaliana ,Plasmodiophora brassicae ,fungi ,clubroot ,food and beverages ,Microbiology ,transcriptome ,Original Research - Abstract
Clubroot disease is a serious threat to cruciferous plants worldwide, especially to oilseed rape. However, knowledge on pathogenic molecular mechanisms and host interaction is limited. We presume that the recognition between Arabidopsis thaliana and Plasmodiophora brassicae occurs at the early stage of infection and within a relatively short period. In this study, we demonstrated changes on gene expression and pathways in A. thaliana during early infection with P. brassicae using transcriptome analysis. We identified 1,903 and 1,359 DEGs at 24 and 48 h post-inoculation (hpi), respectively. Flavonoids and the lignin synthesis pathways were enhanced, glucosinolates, terpenoids, and proanthocyanidins accumulated and many hormonal- and receptor-kinase related genes were expressed, caused by P. brassicae infection during its early phase. Therefore, the early interaction between A. thaliana and P. brassicae plays an important role in the entire infection process. The results provide a new contribution to a better understanding of the interaction between host plants and P. brassicae, as well as the development of future measures for the prevention of clubroot.
- Published
- 2016
19. Molecular characterization of a bipartite double-stranded RNA virus and its satellite-like RNA co-infecting the phytopathogenic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
- Author
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Daohong Jiang, Lijiang Liu, Qihua Wang, Jiatao Xie, Yanping Fu, and Jiasen Cheng
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,dsRNA mycovirus ,botybirnavirus ,Botrytis porri ,biology ,viruses ,Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,RNA ,Botrytis porri RNA virus 1 ,RNA virus ,biology.organism_classification ,RNA virus 1 ,Microbiology ,Virology ,lcsh:Microbiology ,Virus ,RNA silencing ,satellite-like RNA ,Mycovirus ,Double-stranded RNA viruses ,Growth hormone receptor binding ,Original Research - Abstract
A variety of mycoviruses have been found in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. In this study, we report a novel mycovirus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum botybirnavirus 1 (SsBRV1) that was originally isolated from the hypovirulent strain SCH941 of S. sclerotiorum. SsBRV1 has rigid spherical virions that are ~38 nm in diameter, and three dsRNA segments (dsRNA1, 2 and 3 with lengths of 6.4, 6.0 and 1.7 kbp, respectively) were packaged in the virions. dsRNA1 encodes a cap-pol fusion protein, and dsRNA2 encodes a polyprotein with unknown functions but contributes to the formation of virus particles. The dsRNA3 is dispensable and may be a satellite-like RNA (SatlRNA) of SsBRV1. Although phylogenetic analysis of the RdRp domain demonstrated that SsBRV1 is related to Botrytis porri RNA virus 1 (BpRV1) and Ustilago maydis dsRNA virus-H1 (UmV-H1), the structure proteins of SsBRV1 do not have any significant sequence similarities with other known viral proteins with the exception of those of BpRV1. SsBRV1 carrying dsRNA3 seems to have no obvious effects on the colony morphology, but can significantly reduce the growth rate and virulence of S. sclerotiorum. Notably, a growth hormone receptor binding domain (GHBP, Pfam12772) is detected in ORF2-encoded protein of SsBRV1, which have not been reported in any other viruses. These findings provide new insights into the virus taxonomy, virus evolution and the interactions between SsBRV1 and the fungal hosts.
- Published
- 2015
20. Transcriptome Analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana in Response to Plasmodiophora brassicae during Early Infection.
- Author
-
Ying Zhao, Kai Bi, Zhixiao Gao, Tao Chen, Huiquan Liu, Jiatao Xie, Jiasen Cheng, Yanping Fu, and Daohong Jiang
- Subjects
CLUBROOT ,RAPE (Plant) ,ARABIDOPSIS thaliana ,PLASMODIOPHORA brassicae ,HOST plants ,OILSEED plants - Abstract
Clubroot disease is a serious threat to cruciferous plants worldwide, especially to oilseed rape. However, knowledge on pathogenic molecular mechanisms and host interaction is limited. We presume that the recognition between Arabidopsis thaliana and Plasmodiophora brassicae occurs at the early stage of infection and within a relatively short period. In this study, we demonstrated changes on gene expression and pathways in A. thaliana during early infection with P. brassicae using transcriptome analysis. We identified 1,903 and 1,359 DEGs at 24 and 48 h post-inoculation (hpi), respectively. Flavonoids and the lignin synthesis pathways were enhanced, glucosinolates, terpenoids, and proanthocyanidins accumulated and many hormonal- and receptor-kinase related genes were expressed, caused by P. brassicae infection during its early phase. Therefore, the early interaction between A. thaliana and P. brassicae plays an important role in the entire infection process. The results provide a new contribution to a better understanding of the interaction between host plants and P. brassicae, as well as the development of future measures for the prevention of clubroot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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