5 results
Search Results
2. Neurological Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Comprehensive Review and Meta-Analysis of the First 6 Months of Pandemic Reporting.
- Author
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Huth, Samuel F., Cho, Sung-Min, Robba, Chiara, Highton, David, Battaglini, Denise, Bellapart, Judith, Suen, Jacky Y., Li Bassi, Gianluigi, Taccone, Fabio Silvio, Arora, Rakesh C., Whitman, Glenn, Fraser, John F., and Fanning, Jonathon P.
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COVID-19 ,NEUROLOGIC manifestations of general diseases ,COVID-19 pandemic ,STROKE ,PANDEMICS ,ISCHEMIC stroke - Abstract
Background: There is growing evidence that SARS-Cov-2 infection is associated with severe neurological complications. Understanding the nature and prevalence of these neurologic manifestations is essential for identifying higher-risk patients and projecting demand for ongoing resource utilisation. This review and meta-analysis report the neurologic manifestations identified in hospitalised COVID-19 patients and provide a preliminary estimate of disease prevalence. Methods: MEDLINE, Embase and Scopus were searched for studies reporting the occurrence of neurological complications in hospitalised COVID-19 patients. Results: A total of 2,207 unique entries were identified and screened, among which 14 cohort studies and 53 case reports were included, reporting on a total of 8,577 patients. Central nervous system manifestations included ischemic stroke (n = 226), delirium (n = 79), intracranial haemorrhage (ICH, n = 57), meningoencephalitis (n = 13), seizures (n = 3), and acute demyelinating encephalitis (n = 2). Peripheral nervous system manifestations included Guillain-Barrè Syndrome (n = 21) and other peripheral neuropathies (n = 3). The pooled period prevalence of ischemic stroke from identified studies was 1.3% [95%CI: 0.9–1.8%, 102/7,715] in all hospitalised COVID-19 patients, and 2.8% [95%CI: 1.0–4.6%, 9/318] among COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU. The pooled prevalence of ICH was estimated at 0.4% [95%CI: 0–0.8%, 6/1,006]. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic exerts a substantial neurologic burden which may have residual effects on patients and healthcare systems for years. Low quality evidence impedes the ability to accurately predict the magnitude of this burden. Robust studies with standardised screening and case definitions are required to improve understanding of this disease and optimise treatment of individuals at higher risk for neurologic sequelae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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3. Multiple Sclerosis Patient Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Practical Recommendations From the Portuguese Multiple Sclerosis Study Group (GEEM).
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Cerqueira, João J., Ladeira, Ana F., Silva, Ana M., Timóteo, Ângela, Vale, José, Sousa, Lívia, Arenga, Marta, Abreu, Pedro, Guerreiro, Rui, and de Sá, João
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COVID-19 pandemic ,MULTIPLE sclerosis ,PATIENT safety ,PANDEMICS - Abstract
The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has imposed significant challenges on healthcare provision, requiring changes in the conventional patient management, particularly in chronic diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS). To increase patient safety and reduce the risk of infection, while ensuring an appropriate and regular follow-up, tele-medicine gained prominence as a valid alternative to face-to-face appointments. However, the urgency of the implementation and the lack of experience in most MS centers led to " ad hoc " and extremely diverse approaches, which now merit to be standardized and refined. Indeed, while tele-consultation cannot fully replace face-to-face visits, it certainly can, and will, be incorporated as part of the routine care of MS patients in the near future. Bearing this in mind, the Portuguese Multiple Sclerosis Study Group (GEEM) has developed a set of recommendations for the usage of tele-medicine in the management of MS patients, both during the pandemic and in the future. The consensus was obtained through a two-step modified Delphi methodology, resulting in 15 recommendations, which are detailed in the manuscript. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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4. Neurologic Manifestations of the World Health Organization's List of Pandemic and Epidemic Diseases.
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McEntire, Caleb R. S., Song, Kun-Wei, McInnis, Robert P., Rhee, John Y., Young, Michael, Williams, Erika, Wibecan, Leah L., Nolan, Neal, Nagy, Amanda M., Gluckstein, Jeffrey, Mukerji, Shibani S., and Mateen, Farrah J.
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PANDEMICS ,RIFT Valley fever ,NEUROLOGICAL disorders ,EBOLA virus disease ,SCIENTIFIC literature ,TULAREMIA ,H7N9 Influenza - Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) monitors the spread of diseases globally and maintains a list of diseases with epidemic or pandemic potential. Currently listed diseases include Chikungunya, cholera, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Ebola virus disease, Hendra virus infection, influenza, Lassa fever, Marburg virus disease, Neisseria meningitis , MERS-CoV, monkeypox, Nipah virus infection, novel coronavirus (COVID-19), plague, Rift Valley fever, SARS, smallpox, tularemia, yellow fever, and Zika virus disease. The associated pathogens are increasingly important on the global stage. The majority of these diseases have neurological manifestations. Those with less frequent neurological manifestations may also have important consequences. This is highlighted now in particular through the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and reinforces that pathogens with the potential to spread rapidly and widely, in spite of concerted global efforts, may affect the nervous system. We searched the scientific literature, dating from 1934 to August 2020, to compile data on the cause, epidemiology, clinical presentation, neuroimaging features, and treatment of each of the diseases of epidemic or pandemic potential as viewed through a neurologist's lens. We included articles with an abstract or full text in English in this topical and scoping review. Diseases with epidemic and pandemic potential can be spread directly from human to human, animal to human, via mosquitoes or other insects, or via environmental contamination. Manifestations include central neurologic conditions (meningitis, encephalitis, intraparenchymal hemorrhage, seizures), peripheral and cranial nerve syndromes (sensory neuropathy, sensorineural hearing loss, ophthalmoplegia), post-infectious syndromes (acute inflammatory polyneuropathy), and congenital syndromes (fetal microcephaly), among others. Some diseases have not been well-characterized from a neurological standpoint, but all have at least scattered case reports of neurological features. Some of the diseases have curative treatments available while in other cases, supportive care remains the only management option. Regardless of the pathogen, prompt, and aggressive measures to control the spread of these agents are the most important factors in lowering the overall morbidity and mortality they can cause. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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5. The Potential Role of SARS-COV-2 in the Pathogenesis of Parkinsons Disease
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Pedro Chaná-Cuevas, Philippe Salles-Gándara, Alejandro Rojas-Fernandez, Constanza Salinas-Rebolledo, and Anna Milán-Solé
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0301 basic medicine ,nervous system diseases ,Movement disorders ,Parkinson's disease ,Mini Review ,alpha-synuclein ,viruses ,coronavirus ,SARS virus ,Disease ,pandemics ,medicine.disease_cause ,lcsh:RC346-429 ,Pathogenesis ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Basal ganglia ,Medicine ,neurodegenerative diseases ,lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,Coronavirus ,Alpha-synuclein ,business.industry ,Neurodegeneration ,medicine.disease ,Parkinson disease ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Neurology ,Immunology ,movement disorders ,Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.symptom ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Considering their current burden and epidemiological projections, nowadays Parkinson's disease and the COVID-19 pandemic are two key health problems. There is evidence of the pathogenic role of neurotropic viruses in neurodegenerative diseases and coronaviruses are neurotropic, with some of them selectively targeting the basal ganglia. Moreover, some authors demonstrated the longevity of these viruses in the affected cells of the nervous system for long periods. Coronavirus was detected in brain autopsies and SARS-CoV-2 has been isolated from the CSF of affected patients. The marked inflammatory response in some particular patients with COVID-19 with a consequent increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines is considered a prognostic factor. Immunologic changes are observed in patients with Parkinson's disease, possibly having a role in its pathogenesis. A dynamic pro-inflammatory state accompanies α-synuclein accumulation and the development and progression of neurodegeneration. Also, some viral infectious diseases might have a role as triggers, generating a cross autoimmune reaction against α-synuclein. In the past Coronaviruses have been related to Parkinson's disease, however, until now the causal role of these viruses is unknown. In this paper, our focus is to assess the potential relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and Parkinson's disease.
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- 2020
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