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Background: As an inherent cognitive process in the pursuit of progress among college students, achievement motivation has become an indispensable facet of daily life. This study aims to investigate the association between physical exercise and achievement motivation, while also examining the mediating roles played by self-efficacy and life satisfaction. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional survey methodology, with a sample of 900 Chinese university students as the research participants. A total of 844 valid questionnaires were collected and analyzed. The participants completed various scales, including measures of sports activity level, self-efficacy, life satisfaction, and achievement motivation. Subsequently, comprehensive descriptive statistical analyses were conducted on the gathered data. Results and conclusion: A significant positive correlation is present between physical exercise and achievement motivation (r = 0.464, p < 0.01), self-efficacy (r = 0.288, p < 0.01), and life satisfaction (r = 0.333, p < 0.01) among college students. Moreover, achievement motivation demonstrates a positive association with self-efficacy (r = 0.506, p < 0.01) and life satisfaction (r = 0.399, p < 0.01). Furthermore, the relationship between physical exercise and achievement motivation can be influenced by both self-efficacy and life satisfaction as mediators in our constructed mediation model where the total effect is 0.512 with direct effect of 0.348 and indirect effect of 0.163. The results of the constructed mediating effect model demonstrate that self-efficacy and life satisfaction serve as significant mediators and moderators, effectively enhancing the achievement motivation levels of college students. This study provides novel insights for enhancing intervention strategies to improve levels of achievement motivation not only among Chinese but also global college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Integrating mindfulness practices and Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) into teacher education can significantly enhance educators' wellbeing, resilience, and effectiveness. However, the cultural specificity of such interventions, particularly in the Chinese educational context, requires careful adaptation and examination. Objective: This study aims to design, implement, and evaluate a culturally adapted MBSEL curriculum for Chinese pre-service teachers. It investigates the program's effectiveness in improving mindfulness, self-compassion, and life satisfaction, contributing to the literature on integrating mindfulness and SEL in teacher education within a specific cultural setting. Methods: Employing a quasi-experimental design, the study involved a sample of 41 Chinese pre-service teachers divided into an experimental group (n = 22) and a control group (n = 19). The MBSEL program's impact on participants' mindfulness, self-compassion, and life satisfaction was assessed using pre- and post-intervention measures. Results: The results of repeated measures analyses of variance indicated significant improvements in mindfulness, self-compassion, and life satisfaction among participants in the experimental group compared to the control group. These outcomes underscore the effectiveness of the culturally adapted MBSEL program in enhancing key aspects of pre-service teachers' wellbeing and professional readiness. Discussion: The study demonstrates that a culturally adapted MBSEL curriculum effectively enhances mindfulness, self-compassion, and life satisfaction among Chinese pre-service teachers. This emphasizes the necessity of cultural sensitivity in developing mindfulness and SEL interventions for teacher education. Moreover, the success of the MBSEL program suggests its potential for global integration, urging policymakers and educators to prioritize culturally tailored approaches to enhance teacher wellbeing and educational outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Mindfulness has been widely recognized for its positive impact on various aspects of psychological well-being. Prior research has investigated the role of mindfulness in enhancing hope and life satisfaction as separate constructs. However, limited attention has been given to the simultaneous influence of mindfulness on both hope and life satisfaction and the underlying mechanisms that may explain these relationships. This study examines the role of dispositional mindfulness in fostering hope and life satisfaction concurrently and explores the potential mediating role of meaning in life in this relationship. Methods: A total of 1,766 Chinese college students from Shandong Xiehe University participated in the study. Participants completed the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) to assess dispositional mindfulness, the Adult Hope Scale (AHS) to measure hope, the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) to evaluate life satisfaction, and the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) to assess their perceived meaning in life. Statistical analyses, including mediation analysis, were conducted to explore the relationships among these variables. Results: The findings indicated that meaning in life partially mediated the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and both hope and life satisfaction. Specifically, higher levels of dispositional mindfulness were associated with greater hope and life satisfaction, and this relationship was partially explained by increased perceptions of meaning in life. Discussion: These results underscore the critical role of meaning in life as a mediator in the positive effects of mindfulness on psychological well-being. The findings suggest that interventions aimed at enhancing mindfulness may benefit from incorporating strategies to foster meaning in life, thereby amplifying their impact on hope and life satisfaction. This study advances our understanding of the mechanisms linking mindfulness to key indicators of psychological well-being and highlights the integrative role of meaning in life in these processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: As the academic pressure, employment competition and mental health problems faced by college students are becoming more and more prominent, paying attention to and improving the quality of life and well-being of college students has become an important issue of widespread concern in all walks of life. This study focuses on the correlation between physical activity and college students' life satisfaction. Methods: A cross-sectional survey method was applied to 326 college students, using the Physical Activity Rating Scale, the Psychological Resilience Scale, the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale, and the Life Satisfaction Scale. For data analysis, demographic analysis of variance, correlation analysis, and chain mediating effect test were conducted sequentially. Results: There were significant differences in psychological resilience, negative emotions, and life satisfaction by gender, and psychological resilience by grade level; there were significant correlations between physical activity and psychological resilience, negative emotions, and life satisfaction among college students (r = 0.541, p < 0.001; r = −0.379, p < 0.001; r = 0.435, p < 0.001); and psychological resilience, negative emotions had significant mediating and chain mediating effects between physical activity and life satisfaction, where the mediating effect of psychological resilience was significantly stronger than the mediating effect of negative emotions and the chain mediating effect of both. Conclusion: There was a correlation between physical activity and life satisfaction among college students, and this relationship was partially mediated by psychological resilience and negative emotions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For university students, who are often under significant stress to perform well, sleep is particularly important, playing roles in learning and academic performance. Research demonstrates a relationship between hope and sleep quality. However, most work concerns Western samples, and the hope construct has been criticized for a Western bias. No research investigates sleep quality's relationship to "negotiable fate," a construct more relevant to Asian cultures. Whereas hope involves the individualistic expectancy that goals are achievable through personal action, negotiable fate involves the more collectivist-informed belief that control can be exercised over goals within limits of fate (family, community, society, other external factors). We investigated the relationship of hope and negotiable fate with sleep quality in 160 university students in Hong Kong, administering measures of hope, negotiable fate, sleep quality, depression, anxiety, stress, and life satisfaction. Lower hope was associated with poorer self-reported sleep quality. In addition, consistent with past research, mental health variables (particularly stress) accounted for significant variance in this relationship. Negotiable fate, however, did not relate to sleep quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The aim of the current study is to examine the association between life regret and well-being, through a systematic review. Methods: Four different databases (PsycINFO, Web of Science, ProQuest, Dissertations & Theses Global, and ERIC) were used to source 31 relevant articles, published between 1989 and 2018. Results: We conclude that experiencing greater life regret is associated with negative effects on various aspects of well-being, such as life satisfaction and depressive symptoms. Although the impact of life regret on well-being is suggested to vary across individual differences in lived experience, age- and gender-related findings remain mixed across studies. This inconsistency may be partly due to the varying protective factors and coping mechanisms individuals use, which may mediate the relationship between life regrets and well-being. Protective factors include the degree of engagement or disengagement towards regret reversal, social comparison, appraisal, and interpretation. Discussion: However, these conclusions are not definite, as the measurement of regret and well-being are inconsistent across studies and there is limited diversity in study samples. Moreover, further research including diverse populations and more standardized measures is necessary to strengthen existing links and identify mediators that could serve as modifiable protective factors between life regret and well-being. Systematic Review Registration: https://osf.io/hy7xj. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Stress is a major problem among students, threatening their health and well-being. The aim of the research is to analyze the sources of stress in students and to investigate whether there are gender differences and differences between university and non-university students in stress, coping styles, mental symptoms and well-being. A second aim is to know the relevance of age, education, stress, coping styles, self-esteem and social support on mental symptoms, psychological well-being and life satisfaction of boys and girls. Methods: The study was cross-sectional. The sample consisted of 1,426 students between the ages of 16 and 26. Results and discussion: The results of the ANOVAs showed that although there were some gender differences, being a university student or not explained more variance than gender. University students had more chronic stress than non-university students. However, they were more satisfied with their studies, had healthier coping styles, fewer mental symptoms, and greater well-being. For both genders, the main predictor of more mental symptoms was a higher emotional coping style. This was followed by lower self-esteem, a higher number of stressful life events, and higher chronic stress. Higher study dissatisfaction was associated with lower psychological well-being and lower life satisfaction. Higher chronic stress was associated with lower life satisfaction. It is concluded that stress and coping styles are relevant to students' mental health. The results of this study are relevant to the design of policies, strategies, and programs to improve students' mental health and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent research on social cures has posited that one's social identity associated with group membership can promote adjustment and affect well-being, especially for vulnerable individuals. In this study, we argue that, although the negative consequences of group-based stigma affect prisoners' well-being, having multiple social identities can protect them and mitigate the detrimental effects of stigma. The results of this cross-sectional study reveal that group identification with prisoners (N = 52) was negatively associated with well-being and anticipated discrimination. In contrast, education was positively associated with self-regulation and life satisfaction. Group identification with prisoners threatens self-regulation when the salience is controlled. We discuss the significance of our findings in the context of stigma and resocialization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Young adults are in the period of the formation and establishment of values. Even though previous research has revealed that personal values are important factors influencing young adults' life satisfaction, it is still unknown when and under what circumstances values affect life satisfaction among young adults. Therefore, this study explored the relationship between personal values and life satisfaction among Chinese young adults, focusing on the mediating roles of resilience and emotional intelligence. Methods: A sample of N = 635 (271 male) young adults from four universities located in Guangzhou were recruited using a cross-sectional stratified sampling method. All participants completed the Revised Portrait Value Questionnaire, Emotional Intelligence Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, and Brief Resilience Scale. Results: Results revealed that: (1) self-transcendence (r = 0.29, p < 0.001), self-enhancement (r = 0.27, p < 0.001), openness to change (r = 0.22, p < 0.001), and conservation (r = 0.26, p < 0.001) were differentially positively associated with life satisfaction. Chain mediation analysis found that: there was a significant indirect effect for self-transcendence, via EI (ind = 0.070, p = 0.004, 95% CI = [0.027, 0.124]), and the sequential influence via EI and resilience suggested a moderate effect (ind = 0.024, p = 0.008, 95% CI = [0.009, 0.045]). For self-enhancement values exerted significantly negative indirect effects on LS via resilience (ind = −0.029, p = 0.034, 95% CI = [−0.060, −0.005]). Openness to change had a significant indirect impact on LS via EI (ind = 0.086, p < 0.001, 95% CI = [0.046, 0.133]), and the sequential influence via resilience and EI was significant (ind = 0.029, p = 0.001, 95% CI = [0.015, 0.050]). For conservation, the chain mediation model did not reveal any significant indirect effects via resilience or EI. Conclusion: Our findings extend the current literature on personal values and life satisfaction, highlighting the significant effects of resilience and emotional intelligence on the link between personal values and life satisfaction. Overall, this research helps young adults strengthen their resilience and emotional intelligence to increase the impact of values on life satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Self-determination theory (SDT) highlights the importance of satisfying people's basic psychological needs (BPN) (autonomy, competence and relatedness) in order to ensure their personal growth and wellbeing. In this regard, sport and physical activity (PA) have been shown to offer significant health benefits, particularly in the case of people with intellectual disability (ID), among whom the benefits are even more noticeable owing to their low levels of PA, sedentary lifestyle, limited opportunities to exercise, and consequently lower quality of life. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of the Más Que Tenis ("More Than Just Tennis") inclusive recreational sports programme on the satisfaction of BPN among athletes with ID, taking into account factors such as age, gender and type of activity. Methods: The sample for the study comprised 50 athletes (68% male) with ID (IQ: X = 54.33; sd = 13.43), aged 17–54 years. Data were collected using the Spanish version of the Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale (BPNES), Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (K-BIT), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), multidimensional AF5 self-concept scale, Vineland-3 Scale, and MABC-2 observation checklist. Results: High levels of satisfaction of all three BPN, with autonomy scoring lowest of the three. Gender was found to be a significant predictor, with men scoring higher in all BNP. Participants reported positive perceptions in relation to physical self-concept and satisfaction with life. In terms of adaptive behaviour, deficits were detected in relation to communication and daily living skills, but not in relation to interpersonal skills. With respect to motor behaviour, satisfaction of BPN was found to correlate more with dynamic environments than with static ones. The findings indicate the effectiveness of the Más Que Tenis programme in satisfying the BPN of people with ID. Participants reported improved physical skills, competence, social integration and interpersonal relations, though also insufficient autonomy in relation to choosing what exercises to do. Conclusion: Satisfaction of BPN through the programme was found to correlate positively with athletes' satisfaction with life and adaptive development, leading to improved personal and neuropsychological wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Loneliness is a prevalent issue among international university students, often exacerbated by cultural and linguistic barriers. This pilot study aims to assess the feasibility, acceptability and impact of a blended intervention to promote international students' social connectedness and well-being. Methods: A sample of 49 international students from the University of Padua (Italy) was recruited. The study followed the methodology of a non-randomized controlled trial comparing a blended intervention (comprising group activities and online self-help materials) with two other active conditions (self-help only and peer-to-peer interventions) and a control condition at two times (baseline and at 8 weeks). Participants completed a survey to assess their satisfaction with the interventions, changes in their interactions and wellbeing. They also filled in some questionnaires to measure anxiety, depression, perceived social support, loneliness and satisfaction with life. A mixed-method analysis was conducted. Results: Results showed that interventions involving in-person activities had significant advantages over self-help intervention in terms of interaction improvement and a higher number of relationships. Participants perceived self-help materials as more relevant, satisfactory, and functional within the blended group compared to the self-help group. Contrary to the control group, the blended and peer-to-peer groups reported lower scores on the standardized measures of loneliness, anxiety, and depression, and higher scores on satisfaction with life, collected pre- and post-intervention. The thematic analysis of the answers to the open-ended questions showed that in-person group activities provided the opportunity to compare themselves with peers and have a direct experience of new social connections. Discussion: The findings highlight the importance of translating insights from self-help materials into active and direct social experiences, to reduce loneliness through the emergence of new perspectives and shared meaning making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) significantly impact patients' quality of life. While research highlights the potential role of psychological resilience to enhance overall health and well-being in patients with chronic conditions, its specific role in the context of IBD remains underexplored. This study aimed to identify key components of resilience, while serving as a precursor to the development of a disease-specific Resilience Scale for IBD (RISE-IBD). Methods: In semi-structured focus groups and individual interviews, fifteen patients with IBD discussed their perspectives on the construct of resilience, particularly in terms of the diverse strategies they employed to overcome IBD-related challenges. Patients also deliberated on the relevance of themes identified in two widely used and validated resilience measures. Four analysts coded the transcripts using MAXQDA. Selected items for the drafted measure were refined based on constructive feedback from an additional focus group with study participants and six multidisciplinary IBD professionals, thus establishing face and content validity. Results: The qualitative analysis revealed critical themes of resilienc e for IBD including: (1) seeking physical and emotional support from others, (2) developing personal coping mechanisms to manage stress, and (3) employing strategic disease-management techniques. These themes led to the identification of 17 items, which were categorized into three domains: interpersonal fortitude, individual character strengths, and logistical strategies. Discussion: This study highlights the critical role of resilience, a core concept in positive psychology, in the effective self-management of IBD. The findings underscore the importance of building upon resilience strategies to help patients bolster the psychological potencies needed to manage their condition more effectively. Future research will focus on the psychometric validation of items identified for the scale. By incorporating resilience-building strategies into IBD care, we can support patients in developing a more positive outlook and improved life satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sports anxiety is an important obstacle for athletes' performance, negatively affecting their life satisfaction levels. Positive thinking skills can contribute to overcoming such negative conditions. This study explored the relationships between sport anxiety, positive thinking skills, and life satisfaction in male athletes. A total of 338 male athletes participated voluntarily, using convenience sampling. The study employed a relational survey model, and data were collected through the Sports Anxiety Scale-2, Positive Thinking Skills Scale, and Life Satisfaction Scale. Analyses, including Pearson's correlation, were performed using the JAMOVI program, with mediation analysis verified through bootstrapping. Results indicated a negative correlation between sport anxiety and life satisfaction, and a positive correlation between positive thinking skills and life satisfaction. Moreover, positive thinking skills were found to moderate the relationship between sport anxiety and life satisfaction. These insights underscore the value of developing positive thinking skills to help athletes reduce anxiety and enhance their life satisfaction. Therefore, incorporating strategies to foster these skills in training programs could be crucial for improving athletes' overall wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study examined the relationship between Distress Tolerance, defined as the individual's ability to withstand psychological stress or endure negative emotions, and Life Satisfaction, the cognitive component of the individual's subjective wellbeing, among Saudi young adults aged 20–30. The study aimed to understand the overall scores of distress tolerance, life satisfaction, and gender differences in these variables. Methods: Online questionnaires were distributed to 348 participants selected based on inclusion/exclusion criteria, using self-report scales: the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). The sample consisted of 77 males and 271 females, with a mean age of 1.8793 years (SD = 0.81931). Data were analyzed using the SPSS program. Results: The findings supported our hypotheses that (1) Saudi young adults have high overall scores of distress tolerance and life satisfaction, (2) there is a significant positive correlation between distress tolerance and life satisfaction, (3) there are no significant differences between males and females regarding overall distress tolerance and life satisfaction levels, although (4) a significant gender difference was found in the emotional regulation subscale of DTS. A linear regression analysis also showed that distress tolerance significantly predicts life satisfaction. Conclusion: Distress tolerance and life satisfaction are positively associated among Saudi young adults, with no significant gender differences in overall levels. However, differences in specific subscales, such as emotional regulation, warrant further investigation. These findings provide valuable insights for interventions to enhance this population's wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Using rich data from nearly 400,000 15-year-olds across 70 middle- and high-income countries and economies participating in PISA 2018, this study investigates (1) global predictors of adolescent subjective well-being (SWB), and (2) differences in adolescent life satisfaction, its predictors and endowments with predictors across world regions and cultures. A particular focus lies on comparing Confucian East Asia (CEA) with other world regions. Methods: Data were analyzed using multiple linear regressions and Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition. As measures of adolescent well-being, this study employs life satisfaction, affective well-being, and meaning in life. Results: Globally, adolescent well-being outcomes are found to be most strongly linked to gender, personality, relative SES, relationship quality, peer SWB, autonomy and the learning environment, as well as local cultural factors. Estimations by world region reveal several culture-specific explanations for interregional well-being gaps. In particular, notoriously low levels of life satisfaction among students from CEA countries are found to be associated with low self-efficacy, low peer well-being, as well as with high emotional interdependence compared to other world regions. Emotional interdependence is more strongly experienced among CEA adolescents compared to adolescents from any other world region. Moreover, it is found to be more strongly associated with life satisfaction in the CEA region than in any other region. In line with the former, CEA students show stronger links between other relational factors (parents' emotional support; sense of belonging at school) and life satisfaction compared to most other regions. Implications: This study suggests that among the environmental factors that shape the experience of adolescent lives, relationship and cultural factors play key roles and are closely intertwined. Parents, educators and policymakers around the world should focus on creating a positive school environment that promotes well-being, student self-efficacy, a sense of belonging, and a safe space in which failure is accepted as part of the learning process. This is particularly needed in Confucian East Asian countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The study aims to analyze scientific publications on the association between social networks, social relationships, and social support for sports coaches. It seeks to identify the types and levels of social support provided by various agents, and to understand the impact of this support on coaches' wellbeing. The goal is to help coaches better utilize social support, thereby enhancing their quality of life, work, and performance. Methods: This study systematically reviewed 11 scientific articles to investigate the association between social support, social networks, and social relationships in sports coaches. It aimed to identify the types and levels of social support offered to coaches by family members, peers, and friends. Our research utilized the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews and assessed study quality using the STROBE Statement. Eligibility was determined by the PECOS criterion based on the search strategy terms. Results: Our findings indicate that social support has significant positive effects on sports coaches. It enhances selfcompassion, prevents burnout symptoms, boosts job and life satisfaction, and reduces stress levels. Organizational support, characterized by clear guidelines, guidance, and autonomy, yielded positive outcomes. Conversely, the absence of social support correlated with negative outcomes for coaches, including lower self-compassion, increased stress and burnout symptoms, reduced job and life satisfaction, and heightened work–family conflict. Coaches' social networks encompassed family members, peers, friends, and other sources, with friends perceived as the most influential. Maintaining an effective social support network is crucial for coaches' performance and psychological wellbeing. Discussion: This systematic review emphasizes the importance of social support for coaches in both their personal and professional lives, noting its positive effects and the negative consequences of its absence. Given the demanding nature of coaching, improving social support systems can enhance coaches' wellbeing and the success of sports activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this registered report is to investigate how the core components of subjective wellbeing, Life Satisfaction (LS) and Emotional Wellbeing (EWB), differ with respect to their relationship to antecedent factors. Seven factors are proposed that have been found in previous research to antecede LS and EWB. Social Comparisons, Meaningfulness, Economic/Social Resources, and Opportunities are hypothesized to correlate more closely with LS than EWB, while Time Use, Hassles/Uplifts, and Neuroticism are hypothesized to correlate more strongly with EWB than LS. A combined online and paper-and-pencil survey was administered to a representative sample of 974 Swedish citizens aged 15 years or older. LS and EWB were measured by self-report methods that have been developed and used in previous research. Index measures were constructed from self-reports of each antecedent factor by means of ratings on two scales developed in this study. Multivariate regression and relative weight analyses confirmed two of the hypotheses in showing that Economic/Social Resources and Opportunities were significantly more strongly related with LS than EWB. Of those hypothesized to correlate more strongly with EWB than LS, support was obtained for Neuroticism. Social Comparisons, Meaningfulness, Time Use, and Hassles/Uplifts did not have different relationships with LS and EWB. The results confirm that to some extent antecedent factors are differentially associated with LS and EWB, thus contributing to a better understanding of the antecedents of the cognitive and affective components of subjective wellbeing. Future research should further explore the mechanisms underlying these different relationships as well as moderators and mediators of the relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increase in the number of people with mental disorders and the relapse rate of depressive patients give reason to constantly question and further develop psychotherapeutic interventions in order to stabilize therapy effects. Studies show that the art of living, described as the ability to lead a conscious and reflective life, can be learned and trained. The question arises as to what role the development of “art of living skills” have played in the treatment of depressed patients to date, and to what extent the targeted promotion of art of living within the framework of the therapy of depressed patients has an effect on the well-being and the level of depression that goes beyond this. The study is based on a mixed design. Study participants in the first experimental group (EG1, n = 53) each received one session of 50 min psychotherapy per week for 4 weeks. The second experimental group (EG2, n = 54) received psychotherapy equivalent to EG1 with additional life-skills reflection questions, which were to be answered every day and recorded in a diary. The control group (n = 53) received neither therapy nor reflection questions. The art of living, degree of depression, and satisfaction with life were assessed before and after the 4-week therapy and in the follow-up after 3 months, and the effects were compared. There was a significant decrease in the depression score over the 4 weeks in both therapy groups. EG2 showed a greater decrease in depression over the 4 weeks. However, the difference did not persist over the 3 months. Furthermore, in EG2 there was a significant increase in the Art of Living, Satisfaction with life, and Flourishing Scale over the 4 weeks, while in EG1 there was no change. However, the comparison in the follow-up after 3 months also shows that these effects could not stabilize. Overall, the results provide promising indications for integrating the art of living as a concept more strongly into the therapy of depressive patients. The question arises as to what long-term effects result from additional life skills stimulation and how the therapy effects gained can be stabilized over a longer period of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Effective adjunctive therapeutic treatments for patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) on medication for OUD (MOUD) in primary care settings are needed to address high rates of mental illness and stress. Behavioral activation (BA) is a brief, evidence-based therapy that has potential to improve quality of life in people with OUD. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of values-based BA (VBA) as an adjunct treatment for patients receiving MOUD in primary care. Methods: Participants were recruited for a single-arm pilot trial of BA in a primary care setting. VBA was adapted for people with OUD and included 4-6 sessions delivered over 12 weeks with a behavioral health consultant, either inperson or virtually. Feasibility was assessed as recruitment percent and pace and retention percent. Acceptability was assessed with the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire-8 (CSQ-8). Participants completed self-report measures of well-being, depression, substance use, and psychological processes of change at baseline, mid-intervention (6-weeks), and post-intervention (12-weeks). Participants engaged in a brief interview about their experiences at the end of the intervention. Results: Twenty-one participants enrolled in the intervention (66.7% female, M age = 44.0 years, 19% of those invited). Participants completed an average of 5.1 BA sessions (SD = 1.6) and most (90%) were retained through 12 weeks. Participants rated the intervention as highly acceptable on the CSQ-8 (M = 30.4/32.0, SD = 1.6). In qualitative interviews, participants reported that working with the therapist and setting values-based goals were helpful, while also recommending more tailoring to patients' needs and offering the program early in MOUD treatment. Preliminary efficacy data suggest the program was associated with small to moderate improvements in life satisfaction (Cohen's d = 0.25) and positive affect (d = 0.62), whereas there were no changes in depression (d = 0.09) or negative affect (d = -0.07) in a group with low depression at baseline. Discussion: VBA adapted for patients on MOUD in primary care was feasible to deliver and acceptable to participants. Minor modifications to the target population and treatment manual could increase the program's impact. Future studies will test the efficacy of the intervention in improving quality of life and OUD treatment outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this registered report is to investigate how the core components of subjective wellbeing, Life Satisfaction (LS) and Emotional Wellbeing (EWB), differ with respect to their relationship to antecedent factors. Seven factors are proposed that have been found in previous research to antecede LS and EWB. Social Comparisons, Meaningfulness, Economic/Social Resources, and Opportunities are hypothesized to correlate more closely with LS than EWB, while Time Use, Hassles/Uplifts, and Neuroticism are hypothesized to correlate more strongly with EWB than LS. A combined online and paper-and-pencil survey was administered to a representative sample of 974 Swedish citizens aged 15 years or older. LS and EWB were measured by self-report methods that have been developed and used in previous research. Index measures were constructed from self-reports of each antecedent factor by means of ratings on two scales developed in this study. Multivariate regression and relative weight analyses confirmed two of the hypotheses in showing that Economic/Social Resources and Opportunities were significantly more strongly related with LS than EWB. Of those hypothesized to correlate more strongly with EWB than LS, support was obtained for Neuroticism. Social Comparisons, Meaningfulness, Time Use, and Hassles/Uplifts did not have different relationships with LS and EWB. The results confirmthat to some extent antecedent factors are differentially associated with LS and EWB, thus contributing to a better understanding of the antecedents of the cognitive and affective components of subjective wellbeing. Future research should further explore the mechanisms underlying these different relationships as well as moderators and mediators of the relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The study aims to analyze scientific publications on the association between social networks, social relationships, and social support for sports coaches. It seeks to identify the types and levels of social support provided by various agents, and to understand the impact of this support on coaches' wellbeing. The goal is to help coaches better utilize social support, thereby enhancing their quality of life, work, and performance. Methods: This study systematically reviewed 11 scientific articles to investigate the association between social support, social networks, and social relationships in sports coaches. It aimed to identify the types and levels of social support offered to coaches by family members, peers, and friends. Our research utilized the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews and assessed study quality using the STROBE Statement. Eligibility was determined by the PECOS criterion based on the search strategy terms. Results: Our findings indicate that social support has significant positive effects on sports coaches. It enhances selfcompassion, prevents burnout symptoms, boosts job and life satisfaction, and reduces stress levels. Organizational support, characterized by clear guidelines, guidance, and autonomy, yielded positive outcomes. Conversely, the absence of social support correlated with negative outcomes for coaches, including lower self-compassion, increased stress and burnout symptoms, reduced job and life satisfaction, and heightened work-family conflict. Coaches' social networks encompassed family members, peers, friends, and other sources, with friends perceived as the most influential. Maintaining an effective social support network is crucial for coaches' performance and psychological wellbeing. Discussion: This systematic review emphasizes the importance of social support for coaches in both their personal and professional lives, noting its positive effects and the negative consequences of its absence. Given the demanding nature of coaching, improving social support systems can enhance coaches' wellbeing and the success of sports activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study developed the Japanese version of the Auckland Individualism and Collectivism Scale (J-AICS), examined its reliability and validity, and explored the associations between its factors (compete, unique, responsibility, advice, and harmony) along with variables related to mental health in the Japanese population. Methods: We recruited 476 Japanese participants from the general population. Participants completed the J-AICS along with questionnaires pertaining to culture and mental health. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis indicated the correlated five-factor model showed a good fit to the data. The Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω coefficients were high for the individualism, collectivism, compete, unique, and advice factors, but low for the responsibility and harmony factors. Convergent validity was supported by significant relationships between culture-related variables. A one-way analysis of variance revealed the low individualism/collectivism cluster had higher loneliness and lower satisfaction with life than the high individualism and collectivism clusters. The multiple regression analyses showed that the responsibility factor was significantly and negatively associated with mental health concerning anxiety and depressive symptoms, loneliness, and satisfaction with life. In addition, the harmony factor was significantly and positively associated with the mental health. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate sufficient validity of the J-AICS; however, reliability was insufficient for responsibility and harmony. Further, responsibility was positively associated with mental health and harmony was negatively associated with mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The development of a stable society is closely linked to a prevalent sense of social fairness. Participating in physical activities, which are inherently social, plays a crucial role in fostering mental stability within social contexts. Objective: This study aims to examine how physical exercise influences the sense of social fairness among college students, focusing on the potential mediating effects of perceived social support and life satisfaction. Methods: The study surveyed 496 Chinese college students using several scales: the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 (PARS-3), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Social Justice Scale (SJS). Results: (1) A positive correlation was found between physical exercise and sense of social fairness (r=0.151, p < 0.01). A significant direct effect of physical exercise on sense of social fairness was also observed (β=0.151, t=3.971, p < 0.01). (2) Physical exercise was a positive predictor of perceived social support (β=0.113, t=4.062, p < 01), which in turn positively influenced both life satisfaction (β=0.333, t=18.047, p < 0.01) and sense of social fairness (β=0.485, t=6.931, p < 0.01). Additionally, life satisfaction had a positive effect on sense of social fairness (β=0.431, t=3.247, p < 0.01). (3) Both perceived social support and life satisfaction significantly mediated the relationship between physical exercise and sense of social fairness through two pathways: physical exercise → perceived social support → sense of social fairness (mediating effect: 0.055); and physical exercise → perceived social support → life satisfaction → sense of social fairness (mediating effect: 0.016). Conclusion: (1) Physical exercise enhances both perceived social support and the sense of social fairness among college students, suggesting that it not only directly contributes to an enhanced sense of social fairness but also fosters supportive social relationships. (2) The influence of physical exercise on the sense of social fairness operates both directly and indirectly through the mediating roles of perceived social support and, sequentially, life satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In this longitudinal study, we examine the potential costs and benefits of humility for well-being and civic trust among immigrants in a pluralistic democracy. Methods: With data from 14,864 immigrant participants from a nationwide random sample in New Zealand, we used multilevel modeling to examine the associations of general humility (i.e., honesty-humility modesty) with well-being (life satisfaction and meaning) and civic trust (trust in police) over time in contexts with varying levels of ethnic deprivation and perceived religious discrimination. We hypothesized that (a) humility would correlate positively with well-being and civic trust (Hypothesis 1), (b) these associations would be attenuated in the contexts where perceptions of ethnic deprivation and religious discrimination are high (Hypothesis 2), and (c) these interaction effects would become more pronounced when cultural identities are salient (Hypothesis 3). Results: Multilevel modeling revealed partial support for these hypotheses. Although humility correlated positively with well-being and trust in police over time, the twoway and three-way interactions did not yield substantial support for Hypotheses 2 and 3, respectively. The context of religious discrimination did, however, marginally attenuate the positive association between humility and trust in police. Discussion: Collectively, these results demonstrate that humility is associated with multiple benefits to well-being and civic trust and has few--if any--potential drawbacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IntroductionResearch to date has focused largely on the consequences of delayed parenting. However, little is known about the reasons and relevant mechanisms that are involved in people’s decisions to delay parenthood. The aim of our study was to verify how anxiety about the future relates to the motives for deferred parenthood and how this relationship is mediated by generational time perspective and life satisfaction.MethodsA total of 203 Polish adults between 18 and 40 years of age participated in the study. All of them were of reproductive age but did not yet have children. Respondents completed the following questionnaires: The Dark Future Scale, The Multidimensional Scale of Motives for Postponing Parenthood, The Generational Time Perspective Questionnaire, and The Riverside Life Satisfaction Scale.ResultsThe results obtained in the study show that future anxiety correlates significantly and positively with all six motives for postponing parenthood, postponed parenthood overall, and generational affectivity. It is also associated with the generational cognitive perspective at the level of tendency, and negatively with life satisfaction. According to our findings, in all seven models, at least one of the factors mediated the relationship between future anxiety and motives for postponing parenthood/its total score.ConclusionThe current study advances the understanding of how the subjective future time perspective is related to delayed parenthood through generational concern and reduced life satisfaction. Our findings may indicate that despite the importance of sociodemographic variables in postponing parenthood (e.g., lack of housing, financial instability, acquiring knowledge, education, etc.), variables related to personality and time perspective play a very important role in postponing the decision to have a child.

BackgroundAs an inherent cognitive process in the pursuit of progress among college students, achievement motivation has become an indispensable facet of daily life. This study aims to investigate the association between physical exercise and achievement motivation, while also examining the mediating roles played by self-efficacy and life satisfaction.MethodsThis study employed a cross-sectional survey methodology, with a sample of 900 Chinese university students as the research participants. A total of 844 valid questionnaires were collected and analyzed. The participants completed various scales, including measures of sports activity level, self-efficacy, life satisfaction, and achievement motivation. Subsequently, comprehensive descriptive statistical analyses were conducted on the gathered data.Results and conclusionA significant positive correlation is present between physical exercise and achievement motivation (r = 0.464, p

IntroductionMindfulness has been widely recognized for its positive impact on various aspects of psychological well-being. Prior research has investigated the role of mindfulness in enhancing hope and life satisfaction as separate constructs. However, limited attention has been given to the simultaneous influence of mindfulness on both hope and life satisfaction and the underlying mechanisms that may explain these relationships. This study examines the role of dispositional mindfulness in fostering hope and life satisfaction concurrently and explores the potential mediating role of meaning in life in this relationship.MethodsA total of 1,766 Chinese college students from Shandong Xiehe University participated in the study. Participants completed the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) to assess dispositional mindfulness, the Adult Hope Scale (AHS) to measure hope, the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) to evaluate life satisfaction, and the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) to assess their perceived meaning in life. Statistical analyses, including mediation analysis, were conducted to explore the relationships among these variables.ResultsThe findings indicated that meaning in life partially mediated the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and both hope and life satisfaction. Specifically, higher levels of dispositional mindfulness were associated with greater hope and life satisfaction, and this relationship was partially explained by increased perceptions of meaning in life.DiscussionThese results underscore the critical role of meaning in life as a mediator in the positive effects of mindfulness on psychological well-being. The findings suggest that interventions aimed at enhancing mindfulness may benefit from incorporating strategies to foster meaning in life, thereby amplifying their impact on hope and life satisfaction. This study advances our understanding of the mechanisms linking mindfulness to key indicators of psychological well-being and highlights the integrative role of meaning in life in these processes.

ObjectiveAs the academic pressure, employment competition and mental health problems faced by college students are becoming more and more prominent, paying attention to and improving the quality of life and well-being of college students has become an important issue of widespread concern in all walks of life. This study focuses on the correlation between physical activity and college students’ life satisfaction.MethodsA cross-sectional survey method was applied to 326 college students, using the Physical Activity Rating Scale, the Psychological Resilience Scale, the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale, and the Life Satisfaction Scale. For data analysis, demographic analysis of variance, correlation analysis, and chain mediating effect test were conducted sequentially.ResultsThere were significant differences in psychological resilience, negative emotions, and life satisfaction by gender, and psychological resilience by grade level; there were significant correlations between physical activity and psychological resilience, negative emotions, and life satisfaction among college students (r = 0.541, p

BackgroundYoung adults are in the period of the formation and establishment of values. Even though previous research has revealed that personal values are important factors influencing young adults’ life satisfaction, it is still unknown when and under what circumstances values affect life satisfaction among young adults. Therefore, this study explored the relationship between personal values and life satisfaction among Chinese young adults, focusing on the mediating roles of resilience and emotional intelligence.MethodsA sample of N = 635 (271 male) young adults from four universities located in Guangzhou were recruited using a cross-sectional stratified sampling method. All participants completed the Revised Portrait Value Questionnaire, Emotional Intelligence Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, and Brief Resilience Scale.ResultsResults revealed that: (1) self-transcendence (r = 0.29, p

Gratitude has proved to be an enhancer of subjective well-being in previous studies. However, studies that linked the relation between emotional intelligence and its facets when interacting with gratitude, are still limited. In this sense, this study examined the mediating roles of emotional intelligence between gratitude and subjective well-being indicators, by introducing the general factor of emotional intelligence. The first approach to data analysis was to examine the descriptive statistics; the second approach consisted of an Exploratory Structural Equation Modelling, applying also a bifactor analysis. Data was collected from 406 Spanish students, through an online survey that includes the gratitude, trait meta mood scale, satisfaction with life and subjective happiness scale. The mean age of participants was 20.27 years (SD = 4.68), whereas 79.5% were females. The results provided preliminary evidence of the mediation role of the general factor of emotional intelligence between gratitude and subjective wellbeing, which provided a meaningful insight about the role of trait emotional intelligence. These findings suggested that gratitude promotes emotional intelligence, allowing to an increase in subjective well-being. Nonetheless, there is a need for further research to achieve a better understanding of the role of the emotional intelligence facets between gratitude and subjective well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Earthquakes are considered as a major factor causing PTSD, anxiety, and depression across various age groups. Increased anxiety stemming from earthquakes may prompt individuals to turn to spirituality as a coping mechanism, with spiritual transcendence believed to be an effective way to mitigate anxiety. In this study, Bali, which has a Far Eastern spiritual tradition, and Türkiye, the majority of whose population is Muslim, are discussed comparatively. In fact, the underlying reason for this choice is to examine whether there is a difference between Hindu belief, one of the Far Eastern religions as a spiritual tradition, and Islam, one of the monotheistic religions, regarding individuals' ability to manage anxiety and some basic psychological reactions to the fear of earthquakes. An example of Bali's Hindu tradition has been considered a representation of the Islamic tradition, one of the monotheistic religions in Türkiye. Given this phenomenon, the study took a quantitative approach, giving a novel conceptual framework for understanding the relationship between spiritual transcendence, seismic fear, job satisfaction, job security, life satisfaction, and the moderating influence of optimism. Empirical data were acquired via surveys issued via Google Form to a total of 913 workers in Bali and Türkiye. The research data were analyzed using SmartPLS software and a structural equation modeling technique. Findings indicate that earthquake anxiety and the impact of spiritual transcendence on satisfaction and job security are stronger in Bali than in Türkiye. Additionally, spirituality holds greater significance for the Balinese sample compared to the Turkish sample. The study clarifies the implications of its findings and provides guidance for future research endeavors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined variations in positive well-being as a function of paranormal belief and schizotypy. A sample of 2,362 United Kingdom-based respondents completed self-report measures assessing paranormal belief, schizotypy, positive well-being (meaning in life, satisfaction with life, and self-esteem), paranormal experience, and belief in conspiracies. The paranormal belief was most strongly related to the cognitive-perceptual factor of schizotypy. Both paranormal belief and the cognitive-perceptual factor were associated with reporting paranormal experiences and endorsement of conspiracist beliefs. Despite commonality, paranormal belief and schizotypy were differentially related to well-being. Paranormal belief correlated positively with meaning in life (presence and search) and satisfaction with life. Schizotypy correlated negatively with presence, satisfaction with life, and self-esteem and positively with search. Latent profile analysis identified four subgroups: Profile 1, low belief and schizotypy (49% of the sample); Profile 2, low belief and cognitive-perceptual, moderate interpersonal and disorganised (13.6%); Profile 3, high belief, moderate cognitive-perceptual and interpersonal, low disorganised (24.3%); and Profile 4, high belief and schizotypy (13.1%). Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) found that low belief with mixed schizotypy was associated with lower presence, and low belief and schizotypy (vs. high) were related to higher presence. Paranormal belief and schizotypy were associated with greater search, higher scores on paranormal experiential factors, and endorsement of generic conspiracist beliefs. Finally, lower belief and schizotypy were concomitant with higher satisfaction with life and self-esteem. Overall, paranormal belief was related to positive well-being, whereas schizotypy was associated with lower positive wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Depression is one of the most common mental illnesses among middle-aged and older adults in China. It is of great importance to find the crucial factors that lead to depression and to effectively control and reduce the risk of depression. Currently, there are limited methods available to accurately predict the risk of depression and identify the crucial factors that influence it. Methods: We collected data from 25,586 samples from the harmonized China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), and the latest records from 2018 were included in the current cross-sectional analysis. Ninety-three input variables in the survey were considered as potential influential features. Five machine learning (ML) models were utilized, including CatBoost and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Gradient Boosting decision tree (GBDT), Random Forest (RF), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM). The models were compared to the traditional multivariable Linear Regression (LR) model. Simultaneously, SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) were used to identify key influencing factors at the global level and explain individual heterogeneity through instance-level analysis. To explore how different factors are nonlinearly associated with the risk of depression, we employed the Accumulated Local Effects (ALE) approach to analyze the identified critical variables while controlling other covariates. Results: CatBoost outperformed other machine learning models in terms of MAE, MSE, MedAE, and R2metrics. The top three crucial factors identified by the SHAP were r4satlife, r4slfmem, and r4shlta, representing life satisfaction, selfreported memory, and health status levels, respectively. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the CatBoost model is an appropriate choice for predicting depression among middle-aged and older adults in Harmonized CHARLS. The SHAP and ALE interpretable methods have identified crucial factors and the nonlinear relationship with depression, which require the attention of domain experts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This meta-analytic review surveyed previous empirical studies that examined links between moral identity and indicators of emotional well-being. Additionally, this meta-analysis examined cultural origin as a moderator, testing if links between moral identity and emotional well-being differ in collectivistic vs. individualistic countries. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted through ProQuest's 65 databases and PubMed. A random-effect meta-analysis and subgroup analyses were conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 4.0 (CMA) software. Results: Drawing on 27 eligible studies, moral identity was associated with greater emotional well-being (r = 0.27, p < 0.001). Follow up analyses on individual dimensions showed medium effect sizes in links between moral identity and greater happiness or positive affect (r = 0.28, p < 0.001), greater sense of purpose or meaning in life (r = 0.29, p < 0.001), and higher self-esteem (r = 0.25, p < 0.001). Moreover, moral identity was associated with greater life satisfaction showing a small effect size (r = 0.15, p = 0.011). Results showed that effect sizes of links between moral identity and overall emotional well-being did not significantly differ by cultural origin. However, effect sizes tended to be larger in the nine studies that were conducted in collectivistic countries (r = 0.30, p < 0.001) as compared to the 15 studies that were conducted in individualistic countries (r = 0.27, p < 0.001). Discussion: The results of this meta-analysis indicate a robust empirical relationship between moral identity and emotional well-being that is present across various dimensions of emotional well-being and in both individualistic and collectivistic cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Critical public events, like COVID-19, significantly impact individuals' emotional and mental health. People tend to use multi-level emotion regulation strategies (intrapersonal, interpersonal and hyper-personal) to cope with these events, resulting in various strategy profiles. However, few studies have examined ER strategies from a multilevel perspective. Therefore, this study examines the use of multi-level strategies during COVID-19, and evaluates the effectiveness of these strategies, with a particular interest in identifying strategy profiles promoting mental health. We conducted a two-wave study (an interval of 1 week) using online questionnaires during COVID-19, with an initial sample of 1,189 participants and 895 samples completing the surveys across the two waves. Cross-lagged analysis indicated that experiential avoidance was reciprocally positively related to negative emotions while perspectivetaking and humorous-meme-saving were reciprocally positively related to life satisfaction or positive emotions over time. Cluster analysis suggested that there were 9 different profiles which scored differently on mental health indicators. Specifically, the use of multi-level strategies tended to be associated with greater positive emotions and life satisfaction while with lower negative emotions and loneliness. This study revealed that the use of multi-level strategies plays a protective role in mental health when facing critical public events. These findings expanded our understanding of how multilevel emotion regulation strategies impact mental health during critical public events and identify protective profiles for mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, the study of esports is growing within the field of psychology. Among the different variables attracting interest -- including stress or psychological factors associated with performance -- an emerging concept known as tilt is gaining prominence in the literature. However, this construct has yet to be operationalized or defined. Thus, the present study aims to address this gap by defining and conceptualizing TILT while devising and validating a questionnaire to measure the construct in esports players. The initial phase of the study comprised 27 interviews conducted with professional players (n = 6), semi-professionals (n = 8), amateurs (n = 8), and coaches (n = 5) to characterize the concept of tilt. Following these interviews, a definition of tilt was formulated, and a panel of five experts in sports psychology and esports proposed a comprehensive set of 53 items. A total of 488 participants (278 males, 210 females), aged 18-50 (mean age = 26.9 years, SD = 7.57), completed the survey, including the 53 tilt items, a questionnaire measuring toxic behavior, and the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF). The tilt construct is primarily characterized as a state of frustration escalating into anger, resulting in diminished performance, attention, and recurring negative thoughts about errors. Its onset typically coincides with stressful situations, persisting for approximately 30 min. Through an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), 18 items were retained and categorized into two factors: Causes (7 Items) and Consequences (11 Items) of tilt. The entire questionnaire yielded a Cronbach's α of 0.922, with the first and second factors showing values of 0.854 and 0.890, respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed an acceptable fit for the 2-factor solution. Correlations with related constructs, such as Toxic Behavior and IGD, provided preliminary evidence of external validity. Empirical evidence for the validity and internalCurrently, the study of esports is growing within the field of psychology. Among the different variables attracting interest -- including stress or psychological factors associated with performance -- an emerging concept known as tilt is gaining prominence in the literature. However, this construct has yet to be operationalized or defined. Thus, the present study aims to address this gap by defining and conceptualizing TILT while devising and validating a questionnaire to measure the construct in esports players. The initial phase of the study comprised 27 interviews conducted with professional players (n = 6), semi-professionals (n = 8), amateurs (n = 8), and coaches (n = 5) to characterize the concept of tilt. Following these interviews, a definition of tilt was formulated, and a panel of five experts in sports psychology and esports proposed a comprehensive set of 53 items. A total of 488 participants (278 males, 210 females), aged 18-50 (mean age = 26.9 years, SD = 7.57), completed the survey, including the 53 tilt items, a questionnaire measuring toxic behavior, and the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF). The tilt construct is primarily characterized as a state of frustration escalating into anger, resulting in diminished performance, attention, and recurring negative thoughts about errors. Its onset typically coincides with stressful situations, persisting for approximately 30 min. Through an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), 18 items were retained and categorized into two factors: Causes (7 Items) and Consequences (11 Items) of tilt. The entire questionnaire yielded a Cronbach's α of 0.922, with the first and second factors showing values of 0.854 and 0.890, respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed an acceptable fit for the 2-factor solution. Correlations with related constructs, such as Toxic Behavior and IGD, provided preliminary evidence of external validity. Empirical evidence for the validity and internal consistency of the Tilt Scale is robust, indicating its potential utility in future research on the psychological experiences of esports players. consistency of the Tilt Scale is robust, indicating its potential utility in future research on the psychological experiences of esports players. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This study examined the underlying mechanism of the relationship between downward social comparison (DSC) and altruism through two conceptually important but rarely studied factors: belief in a just world (BJW) and general life satisfaction (GLS). Methods: The study utilized a two-time-point design, spaced 2 months apart, with a sample of 1,764 college students from China. The study measured DSC, altruism, BJW, and GLS. Results: The findings revealed a significant positive predictive effect of DSC on college students' altruism and belief in a just world (BJW). Notably, GLS emerged as a multi-mediating factor in this relationship. The study also revealed that both subscales of BJW, namely personal belief in a just world (PBJW) and general belief in a just world (GBJW), played distinct roles in the mediation model. PBJW exhibited a stronger mediating effect, suggesting that DSC can foster individual altruism and BJW. Particularly, BJW was identified as enhancing GLS, subsequently promoting altruistic behavior. Conclusion: This study contributes to the existing literature on social comparison by shedding light on the relationship between DSC, altruism, and the mediating role of belief in a just world and GLS. The findings underscore the potential for promoting altruistic behavior among college students through interventions targeting beliefs in a just world, especially at the personal level, and enhancing GLS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal cancer not only impose significant physical challenges but also deeply affect patients emotionally and psychologically, significantly influencing their overall quality of life. Among the various factors that can positively impact life satisfaction in individuals facing gastrointestinal cancer, spirituality emerges as a crucial aspect. This study aimed to determine the effect of a spiritual intervention on life satisfaction in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted with two groups of 85 gastrointestinal cancer patients from two major hospitals in Tehran. The intervention group received spiritual support through social media for six sessions over three weeks to learn how to effectively improve their spiritual state. The control group received routine medical visits and care. The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) was used before and after the spiritual support in both the intervention and control groups. The research was approved by the institutional ethics committee. Results: In the pre-test stage, there was no significant difference in average life satisfaction between the intervention and control groups (t = 1.887, d = 0.30, p > 0.05). However, positive changes occurred in the post-test stage. Notably, the disparity in average life satisfaction between the intervention and control groups was significant in the post-test stage (t = 13.118, d = 0.95, p < 0.01). Furthermore, the result showed that the changes in life satisfaction in the intervention group were statistically significant (t = 11.854, d = 0.84, p < 0.001). Changes in life satisfaction in the control group were not statistically significant in the pre-test stage compared to the post-test stage (t = 1.113, d = 0.10, p > 0.05). Conclusion: The results can guide health care providers in dealing with the problems of cancer patients. Assessing patients' spiritual needs and empowering them to promote their spiritual recovery and find meaning in their suffering can lead to improved quality of life and satisfaction with holistic care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PurposeThis study examined the relationship between Distress Tolerance, defined as the individual’s ability to withstand psychological stress or endure negative emotions, and Life Satisfaction, the cognitive component of the individual’s subjective wellbeing, among Saudi young adults aged 20–30. The study aimed to understand the overall scores of distress tolerance, life satisfaction, and gender differences in these variables.MethodsOnline questionnaires were distributed to 348 participants selected based on inclusion/exclusion criteria, using self-report scales: the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). The sample consisted of 77 males and 271 females, with a mean age of 1.8793 years (SD = 0.81931). Data were analyzed using the SPSS program.ResultsThe findings supported our hypotheses that (1) Saudi young adults have high overall scores of distress tolerance and life satisfaction, (2) there is a significant positive correlation between distress tolerance and life satisfaction, (3) there are no significant differences between males and females regarding overall distress tolerance and life satisfaction levels, although (4) a significant gender difference was found in the emotional regulation subscale of DTS. A linear regression analysis also showed that distress tolerance significantly predicts life satisfaction.ConclusionDistress tolerance and life satisfaction are positively associated among Saudi young adults, with no significant gender differences in overall levels. However, differences in specific subscales, such as emotional regulation, warrant further investigation. These findings provide valuable insights for interventions to enhance this population’s wellbeing.

Sports anxiety is an important obstacle for athletes’ performance, negatively affecting their life satisfaction levels. Positive thinking skills can contribute to overcoming such negative conditions. This study explored the relationships between sport anxiety, positive thinking skills, and life satisfaction in male athletes. A total of 338 male athletes participated voluntarily, using convenience sampling. The study employed a relational survey model, and data were collected through the Sports Anxiety Scale-2, Positive Thinking Skills Scale, and Life Satisfaction Scale. Analyses, including Pearson’s correlation, were performed using the JAMOVI program, with mediation analysis verified through bootstrapping. Results indicated a negative correlation between sport anxiety and life satisfaction, and a positive correlation between positive thinking skills and life satisfaction. Moreover, positive thinking skills were found to moderate the relationship between sport anxiety and life satisfaction. These insights underscore the value of developing positive thinking skills to help athletes reduce anxiety and enhance their life satisfaction. Therefore, incorporating strategies to foster these skills in training programs could be crucial for improving athletes’ overall wellbeing.

The aim of this registered report is to investigate how the core components of subjective wellbeing, Life Satisfaction (LS) and Emotional Wellbeing (EWB), differ with respect to their relationship to antecedent factors. Seven factors are proposed that have been found in previous research to antecede LS and EWB. Social Comparisons, Meaningfulness, Economic/Social Resources, and Opportunities are hypothesized to correlate more closely with LS than EWB, while Time Use, Hassles/Uplifts, and Neuroticism are hypothesized to correlate more strongly with EWB than LS. A combined online and paper-and-pencil survey was administered to a representative sample of 974 Swedish citizens aged 15 years or older. LS and EWB were measured by self-report methods that have been developed and used in previous research. Index measures were constructed from self-reports of each antecedent factor by means of ratings on two scales developed in this study. Multivariate regression and relative weight analyses confirmed two of the hypotheses in showing that Economic/Social Resources and Opportunities were significantly more strongly related with LS than EWB. Of those hypothesized to correlate more strongly with EWB than LS, support was obtained for Neuroticism. Social Comparisons, Meaningfulness, Time Use, and Hassles/Uplifts did not have different relationships with LS and EWB. The results confirm that to some extent antecedent factors are differentially associated with LS and EWB, thus contributing to a better understanding of the antecedents of the cognitive and affective components of subjective wellbeing. Future research should further explore the mechanisms underlying these different relationships as well as moderators and mediators of the relationships.

Researchers investigating the psychological effects of choice have provided extensive empirical evidence that having choice comes with many advantages, including better performance, more motivation, and greater life satisfaction and disadvantages, such as avoidance of decisions and regret. When the decision task difficulty exceeds the natural cognitive resources of human mind, the possibility to choose becomes more a source of unhappiness and dissatisfaction than an opportunity for a greater well-being, a phenomenon referred to as choice overload. More recently, internal and external moderators that impact when choice overload occurs have been identified. This paper reviews seminal research on the advantages and disadvantages of choice and provides a systematic qualitative review of the research examining moderators of choice overload, laying out multiple critical paths forward for needed research in this area. We organize this literature review using two categories of moderators: the choice environment or context of the decision as well as the decision-maker characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Laughter is a universal, nonverbal vocal expression of broad significance for humans. Interestingly, rather little is known about how often we laugh and how laughter is associated with our personality. In a large, event-based, experience sampling method study (N = 52; k = 9,261 assessments) using wrist-worn wearables and a physical analogue scale, we analyzed belly laughs and fit of laughter events in participants' everyday life for 4 weeks. Additionally, we assessed associations with laughter frequency such as personality, happiness, life satisfaction, gelotophobia (i.e., fear of being laughed at), and cheerfulness. Validating our new measurement approach (i.e., wearables, physical analogue scale), laughter events elicited higher happiness ratings compared to reference assessments, as expected. On average, participants reported 2.5 belly laughs per day and on every fourth day a fit of laughter. As expected, participants who were happier and more satisfied with their life laughed more frequently than unhappier, unsatisfied participants. Women and younger participants laughed significantly more than men and older participants. Regarding personality, laughter frequency was positively associated with openness and conscientiousness. No significant association was found for gelotophobia, and results for cheerfulness and related concepts were mixed. By using state-of-the-art statistical methods (i.e., recurrent event regression) for the event-based, multi-level data on laughter, we could replicate past results on laughing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Adolescent children raised in single-mother households, particularly those living in poverty, often need to assume more instrumental and emotional familial responsibilities to cope with family challenges. Method: This study examined the relationships between these filial responsibilities and adolescent psychological wellbeing, as well as the moderating effect of maternal warmth on these relationships via survey. The sample comprised 325 Chinese adolescent children (43.3% girls; Mage = 13.5) from economically disadvantaged single-mother families in Hong Kong. Results: The results indicated that adolescents' instrumental filial responsibilities were positively associated with their life satisfaction. Emotional filial responsibilities, on the other hand, were positively linked to life satisfaction and negatively associated with depression. Furthermore, maternal warmth was found to moderate the relationship between emotional filial responsibilities and life satisfaction. Adolescents who perceived higher levels of maternal warmth and performed more emotional filial responsibilities reported greater life satisfaction than those who performed fewer such responsibilities. Furthermore, the moderating effect of maternal warmth on the relationship between instrumental filial responsibilities and life satisfaction varied between boys and girls. Additionally, the age of the adolescent moderated the effect of maternal warmth on the relationship between emotional filial responsibilities and adolescent anxiety. Discussion: These findings suggest that filial responsibilities do not necessarily impede adolescent wellbeing. Instead, maternal warmth appears to be a crucial family factor that influences the nature of the relationship between filial responsibilities and adolescent wellbeing. These insights are valuable for family scholars and practitioners, informing the design of supportive services to enhance the psychological wellbeing of Chinese adolescents from economically disadvantaged single-mother families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between interactions with everyday objects (e.g., stationery, clothing, and tools) and one's connectedness with nature, environmentally conscious behavior, and life satisfaction. While previous research has predominantly explored the link between awareness of and behavior toward nature with direct education and experience related to the natural environment, we focused on the origins of the objects that surround us, which are inherently derived from nature. Methods: We conducted an online survey with 1,102 Japanese participants, who completed an object-interaction measure assessing the two dimensions of care and learning, and measures of connectedness with nature, pro-environmental behavior, and life satisfaction. Results: Interactions with everyday objects involving care and learning were significantly associated with a sense of connectedness with nature, proenvironmental behavior, and life satisfaction. Discussion: The study highlights that interactions with everyday artifacts are not isolated experiences but are related to broader awareness of and behavior toward the natural world, and with individual life satisfaction. Hence, environmental awareness and actions can extend beyond direct environmental experiences and encompass daily interactions with objects. Future research could examine how cultural factors shape the relationship between human-object interactions, connection with nature, environmentally conscious behavior, and life satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The connections between the five facets of mindfulness, well-being, and mental health across the lifespan have traditionally been investigated using variablecentered approaches. Less research has investigated these relationships from a person-centered, profile-based approach. In this work, we aimed to identify the profiles of mindfulness in a Canadian lifespan sample (14 to 90 years of age) and investigate how these profiles compared on age, well-being, and mental health. An age- and gender-balanced sample of 1,600 participants completed a questionnaire that measured the five facets of mindfulness; life satisfaction; existential well-being; and anxiety, depression, and stress symptoms. A latent profile analysis was conducted. Five profiles based on the five-facet model of mindfulness were identified: high mindfulness, moderate mindfulness, low mindfulness, nonjudgmentally aware, and judgmentally observing. The 3-step approach to profile comparisons was used to assess age, mental health, and well-being differences across the profiles. Those in the high mindfulness and nonjudgmentally aware profiles were generally older, while the judgmentally observing profile contained younger individuals. Those in the high mindfulness and nonjudgmentally aware profiles reported the greatest mental health and well-being. Conversely, those in the low mindfulness and judgmentally observing profiles had worse mental health than the other profiles. The moderate mindfulness profile was situated between these profile groups on age, mental health, and well-being outcomes. This pattern of results has implications for mindfulness-based intervention research and practice to better account for heterogeneity in mindfulness and better support well-being across the lifespan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The well-being of the Chinese high school students linked to the National Higher Education Entrance Examination, known as gaokao, has been a spotlight education issue in China. This study employed self-determination theory and Bourdieu's sociocultural theory to examine the relationship between life satisfaction, educational hope, and parental support among Chinese high school students. A number of 3,810 high school students from eight schools in Jiangsu, China, completed a validated context-relevant questionnaire. Structural equation model analysis suggested that parental support significantly impacted students' life satisfaction and educational hope. Findings showed that parental intangible support in terms of providing information, advice, encouragement, praise, and care has a direct and significant impact on the life satisfaction of Chinese youth. The extent to which students attach importance to and put effort into achieving their educational aspirations, known as goal commitment, mediated the relationship between parental support and life satisfaction. Moreover, Chinese high school students' educational hope is shaped by their family. Parental support moderates goal commitment, which varies based on parental education background. In short, parents play a critical role in the growth and development of Chinese high school students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Uncertainty intolerance and perceived environmental uncertainty can influence an individual's emotions and behavioral responses. Previous research showed that high uncertainty intolerance and high perceived environmental uncertainty were both negatively associated with an individual's life satisfaction. We explored the interaction effects of uncertainty intolerance and perceived environmental uncertainty on ego depletion of early adulthood and its mechanisms. Methods: Investigating 292 college students using an uncertainty intolerance scale, a perceived environmental uncertainty scale, a negative coping style questionnaire, and an ego depletion scale. The correlations among all variables were calculated using Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient, and then we used the PROCESS macro (model 8) in SPSS to test the conditional process model in the relationship between uncertainty intolerance and ego depletion. Results: The results showed that the interaction terms of uncertainty intolerance and perceived environmental uncertainty were significantly associated with negative coping styles. Only in the high perceived environmental uncertainty situations, uncertainty intolerance was positively associated with negative coping styles, and negative coping styles were positively associated with ego depletion. Discussion: In general, compared with perceived environmental uncertainty, participants' cognition towards environmental uncertainty was much more associated with individual's coping styles and psychological state, individuals with high uncertainty intolerance would face great stress and experience more emotional problems. Our results suggest that it is important for individuals' mental health to gain a sense of control in an uncertain environment and improve the tolerance of uncertainty. Future research needs to pay attention to the intervention strategy of decreasing uncertainty intolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The present study expands the existing knowledge base regarding positive psychology interventions (PPIs), by employing an integrative approach to explore the potential benefits of translating values into action. Methods: Participants (n  =  476) were randomly assigned to the Activating Values intervention, the affirmation-only, or the control (no treatment) group. The intervention involved participants choosing a life area they valued, affirming its importance, identifying a specific action related to that valued area, and then planning and carrying out that chosen action within the following week. Data was collected at baseline and three follow-up points: one, two, and three weeks after the intervention. Results: Results suggest that the intervention contributes to the participants’ well-being, including increased self-insight, sense of coherence, and prioritizing meaning, and decreased symptoms of psychopathology. Exploratory content analyses provide a deeper understanding of the content and frequency of activities chosen and the enabling conditions. Discussion: The discussion explores the findings within this intersection as well as ramifications for brief, scalable interventions to support and promote wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In recent years, research in educational contexts has pointed to the role of grit as a variable related to various positive outcomes, including life satisfaction. Academic adaptation seems vital for the success of academic life in college students. Considering university as an important life context for people pursuing higher education, what is the mediating effect of academic adaptation? This study proposed a mediation model to examine the mediating effect of academic adaptation in the relationship grit and life satisfaction. Methods: A sample of 413 undergraduate Brazilian students, age ranging from 18 to 71  years (M  =  27.30; SD  =  10.20). A correlation analysis was performed between the variables and the following mediation model was tested: Grit (independent variable), academic adaptation (mediating variables) and life satisfaction (dependent variables). Results: Mediation analysis indicated that academic adaptation mediated around 46.80% for the factor of consistency of interests and 40.90% of the relationship with perseverance of effort. Thus, the greater the grit of the university student, the greater the grit, which leads to better satisfaction with life. Discussion: In recent years, research in educational contexts has pointed to the role of grit as a variable related to various positive outcomes. The findings elucidated that grit in academic context could benefit students’ adaptation process, and the university’s responsibility to improve its students’ softskills, not only for the future stage after university, but also during the student’s schooling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]