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[Display omitted] • Cu/FeO x catalysts were prepared by hydrothermal method companying with H 2 reduction. • Cu/FeO x was used to catalyze LTWGS and heavy crude oil cracking simultaneously. • Oxalic acid supplies in-situ H 2 for the heavy crude oil upgrading over Cu/FeO x. In this paper, Cu/FeO x composite catalysts were successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method followed by a hydrogen gas reduction and were used as the catalysts for the cracking of heavy crude oil and the simultaneous low-temperature water–gas swift (LTWGS) reaction. Oxalic acid was used to generate the reactants (i.e., CO and H 2 O) of LTWGS reaction in-situ through its decomposition under the reaction temperature (200 ℃) of the heavy crude oil cracking. Cu0 in Cu/FeO x acted as a catalyst of the LTWGS reaction (CO + H 2 O ↔ CO 2 + H 2) and α-Fe 2 O 3 in Cu/FeO x acted as a catalyst for the cracking of heavy crude oil. In-situ H 2 coming from the LTWGS reaction promoted the catalytic viscosity reduction rate of heavy crude oil via inhibiting the radicals from recombining. This work gives a new, economical and efficient approach to supplying H 2 for heavy crude oil upgrading through the in-situ LTWGS reaction of the decomposition products of oxalic acid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Calcined *CTH experienced structural collapse and reconstruction by HNO3 treatment. • Sn-*CTH were post-synthesized via the structural rearrangement and Sn incorporation. • Sn-*CTH exhibited a high catalytic activity in the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation. • High ε-caprolactone selectivity was obtained through controlling reaction parameters. Germanium-rich *CTH zeolite without organic molecules located inside pore channels experienced only partial structural collapse and subsequently repaired to high-silica structure analogous to the original topology in a short time. The surprise acid-hydrolysis process has caused a large amount of framework Ge ions were removed, giving rise to abundant hydroxyl nests. Benefiting from the unexpected variation of framework structure and chemical composition, stannosilicates Sn-*CTH with extra-large pores and various Sn loadings (Si/Sn molar ratio in the range of 30-∞) were post-prepared depending on the reaction between the added (NH 4) 2 SnCl 6 species and the formed silanol groups in the hydroxyl nests. The resultant Sn-*CTH zeolites were able to release significantly the diffusion limitations encountered by the bulky substrates and oxidants, exhibiting promising activities to catalyze the Baeyer-Villiger (B-V) oxidation of ketones with single oxidant either hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) or large-sized tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). Especially, high ε-caprolactone product selectivity was also obtained in the B-V oxidation of cyclohexanone using H 2 O 2 oxidant through reducing the H 2 O 2 /cyclohexanone molar ratio as well as controlling appropriate reaction time, which was more efficient than the traditional Sn-Beta-F catalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oleylamine modified Fe(OH) 3 can be converted into α-Fe 2 O 3 in situ during the catalytic reaction and contribute to the viscosity reduction of Shengli extra heavy crude oil. [Display omitted] • Oleylamine modified ferric oxide and ferric hydroxide were synthesized. • The ratio of oleylamine to Fe3+ influences the crystal structure of the catalyst. • Oleylamine modifier contributes to the dispersing of the catalysts in heavy oil. • Oleylamine modified Fe(OH) 3 was converted into α-Fe 2 O 3 during the catalytic reaction. • In-situ formed α-Fe 2 O 3 exhibits higher activity for viscosity reduction of heavy oil. Cis-9-Octadecenylamine modified α-Fe 2 O 3 and Fe(OH) 3 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by using a one-step synthetic method. XRD results revealed that lower ratio of oleylamine to Fe3+ introduce forming hematite phase but higher ratio introduce forming Fe(OH) 3 phase. FTIR, TGA, contact angle, and XPS results indicated that olelyamine were modified on the surface of α-Fe 2 O 3 or Fe(OH) 3. A larger amount of oleylamine modifier is conducive to the dispersion of the catalysts in heavy oil. Oleylamine modified Fe(OH) 3 can be transformed into α-Fe 2 O 3 in situ during the catalytic reaction and shows higher catalytic activity in the viscosity reduction of Shengli extra heavy crude oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]