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[Display omitted] • A device for investigated the liquid bridge force were designed. • The effect of the solid–liquid mixed fuel aggregate size of the on the explosion characteristics was clarified. • The liquid fuel with low surface tension could effectively reduce the hindering of adhesion on dispersion. • The increase in spray pressure also alleviate solid–liquid mixed fuel agglomeration. • Effectively coping with the liquid component could significantly accelerate the fuel reaction rate. The adhesion of liquid fuel is an important factor hindering the disengagement of solid fuel particles. And the liquid component characteristics of mixed fuel also have a significant impact on the final combustion and explosion reaction result. The liquid bridge force was detected by a self-assembled device. And the influence of the liquid fuel on the dispersion and explosion characteristics of solid–liquid fuel (nitromethane-diethyl ether-aluminum) was investigated by a laser particle size analyzer and a 20 L explosion vessel. The liquid bridge force result from the liquid fuel decreases with decreasing surface tension and liquid fuel volume effectively reduce the hindering of liquid adhesion on dispersion. And the increase in spray pressure also alleviate fuel agglomeration. The smaller the fuel particle size, the higher the explosive overpressure and the (dp/dt) max. Effectively coping with the impact of the liquid fuel adhesion on fuel dispersion could significantly accelerate the fuel reaction rate and promote energy transfer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Confirming that nitromethane could synergize with mixture fuel under different ambient conditions. • Fuel maintain a higher peak overpressure and (dp/dt) max promoted by nitromethane in explosion. • GS-MS results combined with explosion characteristics lead to a more accurate and intuitive analysis. • The concentration of nitromethane produces its synergy based on the impact of environmental factors on other components. The explosion characteristics of nitromethane-epoxypropane-aluminum powder and nitromethane-n-pentane-aluminum powder fuel were studied in a 20 L explosion vessel under low-temperature, low pressure and high relative humidity conditions. The promotion of nitromethane on these solid–liquid fuel was exhibited based on the peak overpressure, (dp/dt) max and their gas products detected by GC–MS. The results showed that nitromethane could play an effectively positive role in the solid–liquid fuel (epoxypropane/aluminum powder) under low-temperature or low-pressure conditions. However, this positive effect has only been observed in high-concentration (n-pentane/aluminum powder) fuels. Nitromethane can effectively reduce the impact of humidity on the fuel components and maintain a higher overpressure and (dp/dt) max when the relative humidity of less than 70% especially in high-concentration (nitromethane/-pentane/aluminum powder) group. In addition, it is difficult for nitromethane to make a more positive contribution with increasing humidity (70 ∼ 90%) because of the suppression of explosion by water vapor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]