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Experimental data on hysteresis of field-induced electron emission from nanocarbon materials in pulsed field are compared with results of simulations performed with simplified dynamic model of two-barrier emission mechanism. Transformation of I-V plots with variation of emitter properties and field pulse parameters was found to agree with theoretical predictions for special emission regimes, which allows us to associate parameters of I-V plots with quantitative parameters of emission centers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cup-shaped nanocarbons and fullerene (C60) have been successfully organized as composite nanoclusters by using a rapid solvent mixing method. The resulting clusters were assembled on the nanostructured SnO2 electrode for photoelectrochemical measurements. This composite cluster film electrode afforded the drastic enhancement in the photoelectrochemical performance as well as the broader photoresponse in the visible region as compared with the reference system containing C60 cluster because of the efficient electron transport ability of cup-shaped nanocarbons. This makes cup-shaped nanocarbon materials a promising candidate for developing efficient photoelectrochemical and photovoltaic cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magnetic and structural properties of pressure-polymerized fullerenes have been systematically studied by means of magnetometry, electron spin resonance (ESR), X-ray diffractometry and Raman spectroscopy. For several samples, the magnetization values were higher than those expected from the metallic contamination. We followed in situ the depolymerization process through the temperature dependence of the ESR signal and observed simultaneous changes in the g-factor, Raman spectra and X-ray patterns. On cooling, the magnetization values of the depolymerized samples dropped several times. Thus, the magnetic signal is directly connected with the polymerized fullerene phase and cannot be attributed to iron compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

X‐ray photoelectron (XPS) and Auger electron (XAES) spectroscopies have been used to investigate fluorine interaction with surfaces of nanocarbons. MWCNT, SWCNT and Fiber were fluorinated in F 2 and HOPG in ClF 3 atmosphere at room temperature. The performed measurements imply that the surface of the samples is inert to the environmental before and after fluorination. The XPS spectra show that MWCNT and Fiber after fluorination have similar composition, which includes CF, CF 2 and CF 3 states, but MWCNT includes CF 4 state as well. During defluorination of the fluorinated HOPG sample with initial C‐F bonds the formation of CF 2 and CF 3 states has been observed. XAES spectra show the absence of C‐F bonding in the outer layers of fluorinated HOPG, MWCNT and Fiber, while C‐F bonding exists in SWCNT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We demonstrate here the atomic‐level detection of the associated migration of individual atoms, occurring in carbon nano‐peapods by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR‐TEM). Through the atomic defects induced at the fullerene cage, the encapsulated individual metal atoms (Tb and Gd) are transferred from cage to cage through an induced atomic path within a carbon nano‐peapod. The present results indicate the possibilities for a method to convey single‐atoms by using an “atomic carry‐bag” such as fullerenes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]