1. Epigenetics and epigenomics: underlying mechanisms, relevance, and implications in crop improvement
- Author
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Chad E. Niederhuth, Himabindu Kudapa, Vikas K. Singh, Gaurav Agarwal, Manish K. Pandey, Abirami Ramalingam, Henry T. Nguyen, Gunvant Patil, Rajeev K. Varshney, Vanika Garg, Divya Choudhary, Ramanjulu Sunkar, Baozhu Guo, and Pallavi Sinha
- Subjects
Crops, Agricultural ,Epigenomics ,0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Plant Development ,Computational biology ,01 natural sciences ,DNA sequencing ,Histones ,03 medical and health sciences ,Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ,Genetics ,Epigenetics ,Phenotypic plasticity ,biology ,General Medicine ,Methylation ,DNA Methylation ,Plants ,Chromatin ,Histone Code ,Plant Breeding ,030104 developmental biology ,Histone ,DNA methylation ,biology.protein ,sense organs ,Protein Processing, Post-Translational ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Epigenetics is defined as changes in gene expression that are not associated with changes in DNA sequence but due to the result of methylation of DNA and post-translational modifications to the histones. These epigenetic modifications are known to regulate gene expression by bringing changes in the chromatin state, which underlies plant development and shapes phenotypic plasticity in responses to the environment and internal cues. This review articulates the role of histone modifications and DNA methylation in modulating biotic and abiotic stresses, as well as crop improvement. It also highlights the possibility of engineering epigenomes and epigenome-based predictive models for improving agronomic traits.
- Published
- 2020
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