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Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a widespread mycotic infection that affects a large proportion of women of childbearing age. Its management in traditional medicine is based on the use of medicinal plants. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of Ocimum gratissimumL., Lantana camaraL. and Pteleopsis suberosaEngl. & Diels used in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis in Benin. Results: The data obtained from the in vitro antifungal test show that the strains tested (ATCC 90028 and two clinical strains: 1MA and 3MA) were more sensitive to aqueous extracts with a better effect for Pteleopsis suberosa. This potential of the tested extracts correlated with their richness in total polyphenols. The extract of the Pteleopsis suberosawas very active on the inhibition of the reference strain ATCC 90028. On the clinical strains (1MA and 3MA) the aqueous extract of Pteleopsis suberosashowed a better MIC on the 1MA strain. In vivo model, inoculation of 100 µL of the concentrated Candida albicanssuspension 1.5 × 105UFC/mL induced the candidiasis of the female Wistar rat. The treatment with the aqueous extract of Pteleopsis suberosa, like fluconazole (reference drug), significantly reduced Candida albicansinfection at a dose of 100 mg/kg after 1, 7 and 13 days of treatment. Conclusion: This study revealed the potential antifungal of the Ocimum gratissimum, Lantana camaraand Pteleopsis suberosa. Pteleopsis suberosahas better antifungal activity in vitro and in vivo. These observations justify the use of their medicinal plant in the traditional treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis in Benin.