1. Genotyping Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Author
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Flavia Huygens, Rachael E. Rayner, John Savill, and Louise M. Hafner
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,Genetics ,Molecular Epidemiology ,Genotype ,Genotyping Techniques ,Multiple Loci VNTR Analysis ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,Pneumococcal Infections ,Molecular Typing ,Pneumococcal infections ,Streptococcus pneumoniae ,Tandem repeat ,medicine ,Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ,Multilocus sequence typing ,Humans ,Genotyping - Abstract
ABSTRACT Streptococcus pneumoniae is a potentially deadly human pathogen associated with high morbidity, mortality and global economic burden. The universally used bacterial genotyping methods are multilocus sequence typing and pulsed field gel electrophoresis. However, another highly discriminatory, rapid and less expensive genotyping technique, multilocus variable number of tandem repeat analysis (MLVA), has been developed. Unfortunately, no universal MLVA protocol exists, and some MLVA protocols do not amplify certain loci for all pneumococcal serotypes, leaving genotyping profiles incomplete. A number of other genotyping or characterization methods have been developed and will be discussed. This review examines the various protocols for genotyping S. pneumoniae and highlights the current direction technology and research is heading to understand this bacterium.
- Published
- 2015