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By using the Taylor series and the solution-generating methods, we construct exact black hole solutions with minimally coupled scalar fields. We find that the black hole solutions can have many hairs except for the physical mass. These hairs come from the scalar potential. Different from the mass, there is no symmetry corresponding to these hairs. Thus they are not conserved and one cannot understand them as Noether charges. They arise as coupling constants. Although there are many hairs, the black hole has only one horizon. The scalar potential becomes negative for sufficient large ϕ (or in the vicinity of black hole singularity). Therefore, the no-scalar-hair theorem does not apply to our solutions since the latter do not obey the dominant energy condition. Although the scalar potential becomes negative for sufficient large ϕ , the black holes are stable to both odd parity and scalar perturbations. As for even parity perturbations, we find there remains parameter space for the stability of the black holes. Finally, the black hole thermodynamics is developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explore a cyclic universe due to phantom and quintessence fields. We find that, in every cycle of the evolution of the universe, the phantom dominates the cosmic early history and quintessence dominates the cosmic far future. In this model of universe, there are infinite cycles of expansion and contraction. Different from the inflationary universe, the corresponding cosmic space-time is geodesically complete and quantum stable. But similar to the Cyclic Model, the flatness problem, the horizon problem and the large scale structure of the universe can be explained in this cyclic universe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]