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Dysmorphoptilidae is a renowned extinct family of hemipteran insects which is easily distinguished by its bizarrely shaped forewings and distinctive venation. Although widespread in the Early Permian to Middle Jurassic, this family has extremely rarely been recorded in China. Herein one new genus and two new species, Dysmorphoptila gobiensis sp. nov. and Guchinus xinjiangensis gen. et sp. nov., are described from the Lower Jurassic Badaowan Formation of the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, NW China, representing the first Jurassic Dysmorphoptilidae from northern China. We present a detailed morphological comparison of all known genera and species of Dysmorphoptilidae and a phylogenetic tree based on eight genera and species with relatively complete tegminal characters. The tree indicates that the present subfamilial classification of Dysmorphoptilidae is questionable. A large-scale diversification in forewing venation probably occurred during the Triassic, possibly coeval with the palaeogeographical radiation and ecological adaption of Dysmorphoptilidae. Our results provide new insights into the evolution and occurrence of this family.

Studies of Triassic insects in China began in 1956, and, so far, a total of 89 genera and 109 species have been found from the Triassic of China. The fossil records from 17 provinces (or regions) in China are assigned to 11 orders, except for two genera and species considered incertae sedis in Insecta. These Chinese Triassic insects, including one Early Triassic, 53 Middle Triassic and 55 Late Triassic species, are briefly reviewed in taxonomy and distribution, and listed here with detailed taxonomic and stratigraphic information. The Middle Triassic Tongchuan and Late Triassic Toksun entomofaunas are introduced in detail from the perspectives of composition and taxonomy. Existing data indicate that the Chinese Triassic entomofauna is dominated by Hemiptera, Mecoptera and Coleoptera; the Chinese Early Triassic insects are only known from Fuyuan in Yunnan Province, Middle Triassic insects are mainly known from northern China and sporadically from Guizhou Province, southern China, and Late Triassic insects are seen widely in both northern and southern China. The Middle and Late Triassic entomofaunas have a similar abundance but show a pattern of being more common in northern China than in southern China.