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This paper deals with the approximation properties of a generalized version of Szász–Mirakjan operators which preserve a x {a^{x}} , a > 1 {a>1} (fixed), and x ≥ 0 {x\geq 0}. The uniform convergence of the operators is studied by using some auxiliary results. Also, error estimations are determined by considering the functions from different spaces. The convergence of the said operators is shown and analyzed by graphics. In the same direction, the proposed operators are compared with Szász–Mirakjan operators for the rate of convergence. A Voronovskaya-type theorem is considered and a comparison with Szász–Mirakjan operators is shown in the sense of convexity. To describe the quantitative means of an asymptotic formula, we quantitatively approach the Voronovskaya-type theorem; moreover, a Grüss–Voronovskaya-type theorem is proved. For further investigations regarding the approximation for functions from various spaces, two significant extensions are added keeping in mind some developments in the L p {L_{p}} -space. One is the Kantorovich variant and the other one is the Durrmeyer modification of the defined operators. Here, the rate of convergence is described by means of the function with a derivative of bounded variation for the Durrmeyer modified operators for which some properties are discussed. Also, A-statistical properties of the Durrmeyer modified operators are established. This paper ends by presenting some significant statements and the conclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]