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AIM: To use spectral domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT)to measure macular subfoveal choroid thickness(SFCT)in patients with diabetic retinopathy(DR), observe the changes of SFCT, and to explore the relationship between SFCT and diabetes mellitus and diabetes retinopathy.METHODS: A total of 152 patients with type 2 diabetes(T2DM)were collected and grouped according to their fundus conditions. There were 72 cases in the NDR group and 80 cases in the DR group. Eighty-five healthy subjects were used as the control group. Follow-up according to the clinical stage of DR, where the DR components were mild NPDR, moderate NPDR, severe NPDR and PDR. According to the United Nations World Health Organization, the age group was divided into three age groups: 18-44 years old(youth group), 45-59 years old(middle-aged group), and 60-75 years old(old group). Analyzed and compared the SFCT between each group.RESULTS:There was no statistically significant difference in SFCT between the T2DM group and the control group(P>0.05). The SFCT of the all group was not significantly correlated with age and course of disease(P>0.05); the SFCT of the control group was negatively correlated with age(P0.05). The SFCT of the T2DM group was thinner than the control group(P

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are pluripotent stem cells which are derived from avariety of tissues and have the potential for multidirectional cell differentiation and self-cell renewal. They can play a therapeutic effect on a variety of eye diseases. Studies have shown that the biological functions of MSCs are closely related to their secreted exosomes(MSC-Exo). Compared with MSCs, the biological performance of MSC-EXO is more stable and non-tumorigenic. Therefore, MSC-EXO is expected to be an effective substitute for the biological function of MSCs. In this paper, the application progress of MSC-EXO in ocular diseases is discussed in order to provide ideas and reference for the treatment of MSC-EXO in ocular diseases.

AIM: To systematically evaluate the efficacy of sodium hyaluronate combined with recombinant human epidermal growth factor(rhEGF)eye drops in the treatment of dry eye after cataract surgery in recent 5a by Meta-analysis.METHODS: The databases of CNKI, WanFang, Chongqing VIP, CBM, Cochrane Library, Pudmed and MEDLINE from January 2015 to May 2020 were searched. Meta analysis and statistical analysis were performed with Revman 5.3 software on the clinical control study of sodium hyaluronate eye drops combined with rhEGF eye drops in the treatment of dry eye after cataract surgery.RESULTS: A total of 14 randomized controlled trials involving 1 529 eyes were included. Among them, 14 studies conducted corneal fluorescein staining(FL)score after the end of treatment, the results showed that the difference was statistically significant [MD= -0.86, 95%CI(-1.07 to -0.66), P

AIM: To compare the clinical effects of FS-LASIK and ICL implantation.METHODS: From January 2015 to January 2020, used computer to search the clinical contrast test of FS-LASIK and ICL implantation published in CNKI database, Wanfang database, Chongqing VIP Chinese Sci tech journal full-text database, China Bioligy Medicine disc(CBMdisc), Cochrane Library, PubMed, MEDLINE and other databases,using rev-man5.3 statistical software for Meta-analysis and statistical processing.RESULTS: Totally 11 studies were brought into the analysis, including 673 patients and 1 301 operative eyes. The results of Meta-analysis showed that there was no statistical significance in the safety, objective visual quality, spherical equivalent degree, cylinder, diopter of correction, trefoil aberration and coma aberration of FS-LASIK and ICL implantation after operation, but there was statistical significance in the effectiveness, total higher-order aberration, spherical aberration and contrast sensitivity of FS-LASIK and ICL implantation after operation.CONCLUSION: Compared with ICL implantation, the total high-order aberrations and spherical aberrations of FS-LASIK are larger, and the contrast sensitivity is lower. The ICL implantation has more clinical-effect superioity than FS-LASIK, meanwhile it has reversibility and less complications.

Ocular Demodex infection is mainly manifested as ocular surface diseases, including meibomian gland dysfunction, dry eye disease, Demodex blepharitis, chalazion, keratoconjunctivitis, etc. The diagnosis is relatively simple and can be realized under the microscope, but it is easy to be misdiagnosed due to the subjective and objective factors such as similar symptoms, missing examination, experience diagnosis and treatment. There are many treatment methods for ocular Demodex infection, including external tea tree oil and other plant extracts, oral or external drugs, physical therapy(represented by strong pulse light therapy, moxibustion therapy), combined therapy, etc. In this paper, we reviewed the diagnosis and treatment of Demodex related ocular surface diseases, and discussed the latest research trends of this disease.

Retinitis pigmentosa is an inherited eye disease. The inheritance methods include autosomal dominant inheritance, autosomal recessive inheritance, and sex-linked recessive inheritance. Currently, there are more than 3,000 mutation sites, which makes clinical treatment of this disease difficult. Ophthalmologists are committed to exploring the treatment of retinitis pigmentosa, and have conducted a large number of experimental studies, mainly including drug treatment, cell transplantation, gene therapy, etc. Drug therapy includes traditional Chinese medicine, antioxidants, anti-apoptotic agents, neurotrophic factors, etc. Compared with other treatment methods, it is non-invasive and convenient and cheap, but its mechanism of action needs further research. Cell transplantation is considered an effective method for the treatment of retinitis pigmentosa, but it may cause preretinal membrane and macular folds. Although gene therapy has certain limitations, with the development of gene editing technology and new gene delivery vectors, it will become one of the most promising treatments for retinitis pigmentosa in the future. This article reviews and prospects the recent experimental research on retinitis pigmentosa.

AIM:To observe the correlation between the interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and interleukin-18(IL-18)in tears of patients with dry eye and symptoms and signs.METHODS: A total of 131 patients(262 eyes)who were treated for dry eye in the ophthalmology clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected from September 2018 to December 12, and the patients were divided into dry eye classification standards according to the dry eye clinical consensus in 2013 No dry eye group, mild dry eye group, moderate dry eye group, severe dry eye group. All patients were examined for dry eye symptom score, break up time(BUT), and tear secretion test Schirmer I test(SⅠt), corneal fluorescein sodium staining(FL), ELISA method to detect the expression of IL-1β and IL-18 in tears, and to analyze the correlation between dry eye inflammatory factors and symptoms and signs.RESULTS: There were significant differences in the expression of dry eye symptoms, BUT, SⅠt, FL and IL-1β and IL-18 in tears(PPPCONCLUSION:Inflammatory factors in tears of dry eye patients were correlation with dry eye symptom and signsa.

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of nerve growth factor(NGF)in the treatment of glaucoma by Meta-analysis.METHODS: Comprehensive computer search database according to Cochrane systematic evaluation method. Randomized controlled trials of glaucoma after NGF treatment in the past 5a were included, the data extraction and Meta-analysis were performed by using Revman 5.3 statistical software.RESULTS: A total of 6 cases randomized controlled trials were included, all of which were in Chinese, totally 513 cases. At the end of the treatment period, visual acuity was detected in 5 of the studies and 6 studies were performed with intraocular pressure, the difference among cases and normal were not statistically significant \〖MD=0.10,95%CI(-0.05,0.25),P=0.19; MD= -0.90, 95%CI (-1.92, 0.11), P=0.08\〗; 5 studies were performed on the visual field and 3 studies performed visual evoked potential(VEP), included P100 wave latency and P100 wave amplitude, the difference was statistically significant \〖MD= -2.49, 95%CI (-4.02, -0.96), P=0.001; MD= -12.13, 95%CI (-17.30, -6.97), PMD=1.34, 95%CI (0.93, 1.74), PCONCLUSION: NGF can improve the visual field of patients with glaucoma, and also can improve image visual evoked potential P100 wave latency and P100 wave amplitude. However, the effect of improving visual acuity and reducing intraocular pressure is not obvious. In a word, the NGF can ameliorate the optic neuropathy.

AIM: To observe the effects on four effective components of Qingguang'an on collagen fibers, α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)and fibronectin(FN)in rabbits after glaucoma surgery.METHODS: Apply four kinds of effective components of Qingguang'an and Qingguang'an Chinese medicine suspension to D, E, F, G, H groups after filtration surgery, and pass with group A(blank control group)and group B(model group)Compared with group C(Mitomycin C group), the effects of four effective components of Qingguang'an and Qingguang'an traditional Chinese medicine suspension on collagen fibers, α-SMA and FN in the scar tissue of glaucoma after filtration were observed.RESULTS: Compare to B group, the ratio of collagen fiber area to E, F, H group, the expressions of α-SMA and the expressions of FN were different(PCONCLUSION: Qingguang'an effective components 2, Qingguang'an effective components 3, mitomycin C and Qingguang'an suspension reduce the proliferation of myofibroblasts and fibroblasts by inhibiting the expression of collagen fibers, α-SMA and FN, and showed obvious anti-glaucoma staining scar after surgery.

AIM: To make a contribution to the work for myopia prevention and control by analyzing the date of 52 226 axial length characteristics statistically form multiple dimensionalities. METHODS: A retrospective study with large sample was conducted. Sex, age and eye axial length of children and adolescent aged 4 to 22 with refractive errors who visited Dongguan Guangming Ophthalmological Hospital from 2009 to 2018 were collected. A total of 26 113 patients(52 226 eyes)were enrolled. Axial length data were analyzed statistically in three dimensions, including gender, laterality and age.RESULTS: Among the children and adolescent aged 4 to 22 with refractive errors in Dongguan Area, axial length of female group was shorter than male group(t=34.297, Pt=5.362, PF=14352.9, PR2=0.332), axial length in female group(mm)=21.40+0.234 ×age(F=12491.9, PR2=0.349).CONCLUSION: Among the children and adolescent aged 4 to 22 in Dongguan, the average axial length of female is shorter than male. The increase of axial length were observed in the right eye compared to the left eye starting from the age of 10, the growth rate of axial length is faster in two age groups: 7 to 8 years old and 18 years old.

The fundus vessels are the only blood vessels that can be observed in the living body. The pathological changes of many diseases in the fundus can be observed by various means, such as ophthalmoscopy, fundus angiography, laser confocal scanning fundus imaging, fluoresce in fundus angiography, optical coherence tomography, Doppler fundus angiography, etc. How to accurately extract the observed pathological changes has been a difficult problem in academia. This paper summarizes the main observation methods of pathological changes of fundus vessels and various extraction methods of pathological changes. Including fundus vascular tracking method, pixel classification method, matching filtering method, threshold segmentation method, etc. And generalized the image processing methods after fundus vascular extraction, hope to promote the further development of fundus vascular pathological feature extraction method, in order to facilitate diagnosis of clinical disease.

Fundus blood vessels are the only terminal blood vessels that observed in the human body. Many diseases have pathological changes in fundus blood vessels. Through the study of these pathological changes, the fundus vascular changes can be used to diagnose diseases. This article summarizes some of the common pathological changes in fundus blood vessels. As well as the common diseases that cause these changes, it is hoped that some diseases can be associated with retinal vascular changes to facilitate the diagnosis of clinical diseases.

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of pranoprofen combined with sodium hyaluronate in treatment of dry eye in recent years by Meta-analysis.METHODS: According to the Cochrane systematic review method, the computer searched Medline, EMbase, Cochrane Library, Wanfang database, Weipu database, China Knowledge Network database, and included in the randomized controlled study of pranoprofen combined with sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of dry eye in 2014-2018, RevMan5.3 statistical software for data extraction and Meta-analysis.RESULTS: A total of 8 randomized controlled trials, all in Chinese, totally 1 008 patients. Meta-analysis showed that compared with the use of sodium hyaluronate alone, prano fraction combined with sodium hyaluronate significantly improved the BUT, SⅠt, FL, dry eye symptoms and overall efficacy of the patients, the difference was statistically significant.CONCLUSION: The efficacy of pranoprofen combined with sodium hyaluronate in treatment of dry eye was better than that of sodium hyaluronate alone.

AIM: To study the effects of Shuangdan Mingmu capsule on the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor-a(VEGF-a), VEGF-b, VEGF-c in the retina of a diabetic rat model. METHODS: Forty male SD rats were divided into Group A(normal group), Group B(model group), Group C(Shuangdan Mingmu group)and Group D(positive control group)10 rats(20 eyes)in each group. A rat model of diabetic retinopathy was established by one-time tail vein injection with STZ(50mg/kg). After modeling for 1wk, the rats were given medicine by gavage. After gavage for 4wk rats were sacrificed, and the expressions of VEGF-a, VEGF-b, VEGF-c in the retina tissues were detected by immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: After gavage for 4wk the average gray values of VEGF-a, VEGF-b and VEGF-c protein in the retina of model group, Shuangdan Mingmu group and positive control group were lower than those of the normal group, and the average optical density were higher than those of the normal group. There was a significant difference between the model group and the normal group(PPPCONCLUSION: Shuangdan Mingmu capsule could significantly reduce the expressions of VEGF-a, VEGF-b,VEGF-c in the retina and had a certain protective effect on the retina of rats in the diabetic retinopathy model.

Retinitis Pigmentosa(RP)is a group of inherited retinal diseases characterized by progressive photoreceptor cells loss and pigment epithelial cell dysfunction. It is one of the most common disease worldwide which leads to blindness, and there were no effective treatments for RP in the past decades. Recently, lots of methods were considered effective to treat with RP, including stem cell therapy, gene therapy, neuroprotective therapy, nutritional therapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, retinal transplantation and traditional Chinese medicine. In this review, we conducted a comprehensive analysis and assessment on the findings of the progress of RP treatment at domestic and overseas.

AIM: To invesitigate the effect of invigorating blood and dissipating masses traditional Chinese medicine compound drug-containing plasma on the proliferation of rabbit retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)cells treated with platelet derived growth factor(PDGF). METHODS: Primary cells of RPE cells were obtained by enzymatic digestion, and the primitive culture and subculture of RPE cells were proceeded; prepared blood plasma-contained traditional Chinese medicine compound drug-containing plasma; the fourth genertation rabbit RPE cells were selected as the experimental cells by PDGF of low, medium and high doses(5μg/L, 10μg/L, 20μg/L)for 48h. Suitable concentration was detected and selected in cells experiment by using CCK-8 method. Establishing rabbit model of RPE cell proliferation treated with PDGF. The experimental groups were blank control group(DMEM), normal plasma group, PDGF(10 μg/L)group, PDGF(10 μg/L)+ AG1296(10 μmol/L)group, PDGF(10 μg/L)+ 10% drug-containing plasma, PDGF(10 μg/L)+ 20% drug-containing plasma. Respectively, transwell method was used to determine the migration of rabbit RPE cells after 24h intervention in each group; CCK-8 was used to determine the cell viability OD value of rabbit RPE cells after 48h of intervention in each group.RESULTS: The plasma containing 10% and 20% concentration of invigorating blood and dissipating masses traditional Chinese medicine compound drug can effectively inhibit cell viability and cell migration of RPE cells treated with PDGF. CONCLUSION: We found the certain concentration of invigorating blood and dissipating masses traditional Chinese medicine compound drug can effectively inhibit cell viability and cell migration of RPE cells treated with PDGF, which may be an effective treatment for proliferative vitreoretinopathy and provide a new way to study the mechanism of proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

AIM: To evaluate the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)for the treatment of dry eye effect in the past five years by using meta analysis method. METHODS: According to the Cochrane evaluation system method, we searched Medline(January 2013 to October 2017), EMbase(2013-2017), Cochrane Library(2017), Wanfang database(2013-2017), VIP(2013-2017), and CNKI(2013-2017)for studies published. We included randomized controlled trials conducted the TCM in the treatment of dry eye. RevMan 5.0 statistical software data extraction and Meta analysis were conducted. RESULTS: A total of 10 studies were identified, nine were from Chinese literature and one was from English literature, of which including 1 229 eyes. Nine of these studies performed BUT measurements at the end of the course of treatment. The results showed a statistically significant difference(PPP=0.25). Three studies performed dry eye symptoms after the end of the course of treatment; the results showed that the differences were statistically significant(P=0.0003); the overall efficacy comparison, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(PCONCLUSION: TCM treatment can significantly prolong BUT and increase tear flow, and has more advantages in the treatment of dry eye.

AIM: To remark the effect of Qingguang'an II on expression of PAX6, Ngn1, and Ngn2 mRNA of rats with chronic high intraocular pressure. METHODS: Totally 40 male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, that was: A: blank group, B: model group, C: Qingguang'an II low dose group, D: Qingguang'an II moderate dose group, E: Qingguang'an II high dose group, F: Yimaikang disket group. B, C, D, E, F groups of experimental rats were established the model of chronic high intraocular pressure(IOP)by cauterizing of superficial scleral vein. Animal model was established successfully by using monitoring IOP consistently keep above 25mmHg for 8wk as cut-off criterion. Tissues of Eyes were obtained after intragastric administration for 2wk and 4wk. The expressions of PAX6, Ngn1, and Ngn2 mRNA were investigated by Real-time PCR. RESULTS: At the time-point of 2wk, PAX6, Ngn1, and Ngn2 mRNA in group B were statistically expressed in lower level comparing with other groups(PPPP>0.05). CONCLUSION: In summar, Qingguang'an II and Yimaikang disket can remarkably increase the expressions of PAX6, Ngn1, and Ngn2, which suggest protecting the optic nerve of rats caused by chronic high IOP. What's more, this study indicated that, in the protection of optic nerve of rats with chronic high IOP, the high dose of Qingguang'an II at the time-point of 4wk was the better choice.

Invigorating blood and dissolving stasis method is a kind of unique therapy of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)treatment, which efficacy has become increasingly prominent in the treatment of ophthalmology. With the further studies of blood stasis and invigorating blood and dissolving stasis therapy, it is widely used in clinical ophthalmology, and get good effects beyond thought, especially when western medicine has no curative effects. It improved the cure rate of fundus oculi disease from the eyelids, conjunctiva, lacrimal sac, vitreous body to the choroid and retina, optic nerve and macula lutea, from surface to fundus, or pathological changes related to inflammation, degeneration, necrosis, atrophy, hyperplasia of fibrous tissue hyperplasia. This paper is aim to explain the definition of invigorating blood and dissolving stasis and make a review of basic research and clinical application about it in several diseases.

Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is the most severe complication of diabetic eye disease, which can eventually lead to irreversible blindness, thus seriously impacting on patients' quality of life. At present, surgical operation has been widely carried out on the treatment of DR in China. For the pre proliferative DR(PDR)and PDR, panretinal photocoagulation has often been adopted. By damaging the retina in ischemic area so as to reduce oxygen demand, the neovascularization can be prevented and the patient's condition can be stopped from getting worse. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has an abundant and personalized therapeutic regimen for the treatment of DR. This paper reviews the research progress on combined therapy of TCM with laser photocoagulation for treatment of DR.

AIM: To observe the effect of Qingguang'an on elastic fiber, MMP-7, TIMP-1 in scarring area of filtration canal after glaucoma surgery through the four Qingguang'an effective groups and Qingguang'an granules, to discuss and compare their mechanism of action on scarring area of filtration canal.METHODS:Four effective components of Qingguang'an were used in groups D, E, F, G and H after glaucoma surgery, compared with group A(blank), group B(model)and group C(MMC)to observe the effect of elastic fiber, MMP-7, TIMP-1 in scarring filtration canal.RESULTS:Compared with the preoperative basic IOP and 2d, 1, 2, 4wk postoperative IOP of groups C, E and H, the IOP of three group rose up slower than other groups, and kept the lowest data at 28d. There was significant difference compared with the rest of A, B, D, F, G groups(PPP>0.05). The difference was statistically significant among other groups(PCONCLUSION:The scarring area of filtration canal after glaucoma surgery is the major reason which lead to the failure of surgery. Qingguang'an effective group 2, Qingguang'an granules and MMC could reduced the scar tissue by restrained the elastic fiber, TIMP-1 and increased the MMP-7. By observing the experimental results that both Qingguang'an effective group 2 and Qingguang'an granules could restrained the scarring area of filtration canal, the effects were unbiased, Qingguang'an granules group is better than effective group 2.

AIM: To evaluate the effects of total flavonoid of chrysanthemum on the expressions of Fas and FasL in male rabbits with dry eye, and to investigate the therapeutic effects of the total flavonoid of chrysanthemum on dry eye. METHODS: Totally 150 male Japanses white rabbits were divided into blank group(group A), sham-operated group(group B), model group(group C), androgen control treatment group(group D), and total flavonoid of chrysanthemum treatment group(group E). The dry eye model was established with orchiectomy on group C, D and E. Rabbits in group E were treated with total flavonoid of chrysanthemum. Rabbits in group D were treated with androgen intramuscular injection. Rabbits in the group A, group B, group C was treated with normal saline. All rabbits were detected with Schirmer's Ⅰ test and tear break-up time(BUT). Fas, FasL were checked on immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The Schirmer's I test values of group E was significantly higher than that of group C(PPPCONCLUSION:The main component of chrysanthemum is flavonoid, which could significantly inhibit happening of dry eye in rabbit after androgen level lowered and lacrimal gland apoptosis and keep basic tears secretory volume and tear film stability.

AIM: To understand the common conditions of visual impairment, including strabismus, optic atrophy and others in cerebral palsy children and their relation with the classification of cerebral palsy.METHODS: Totally 265 children with cerebral palsy underwent routine ophthalmologic examination, including the position of eye and eye movement, nystagmus, anterior segment by slit lamp and direct ophthalmoscope examination.RESULTS: Two hundred and sixty-five children included 95 females and 170 males; 173 children with spasticity, 28 children with dyskinetic, 43 children with atonia, 18 children with mixed type and 3 children with ataxia. The visual impairments of the enrolled children were strabismus, congenital cataract, optic atrophy and others. There were 127 children(47.9%)with visual dysfunction, including 79 males and 48 females. There were 110 children with strabismus(41.5%),including 46 children(41.8%)with esotropia,54 children(49.1%)with exotropia, 10 children(9.1%)with vertical strabismus; 18 children with nystagmus; 3 children(6 eyes)with congenital cataract; 42 children(76 eyes, 15.8%)with optic atrophy, including 8 cases were monocular, 25 males with 46 eyes and 17 females with 30 eyes.CONCLUSION: Different types of visual impairments often happen in children with cerebral palsy. Because child patients cannot express efficiently, they can't be found and treated in time. Vision dysfunction seriously affects systemic rehabilitation and the quality of life. Therefore early ocular examination and remedy are necessary for cerebral palsy children, which can improve their quality of life and social adaptability.

AIM: To observe clinical effects of phacoemulsification cataract surgery and small incision cataract extraction surgery under low magnification compensation depth. METHODS:A retrospective analysis of 869 cases(1 258 eyes)underwent cataract surgeries were taken, including 247 cases(432 eyes)with phacoemulsification, and 622 cases(826 eyes)with small incision cataract surgery. The patients' visual acuity, corneal endothelial counting, corneal edema and complications were analyzed statistically. RESULTS:There was no significant difference between the two groups at postoperatively 1wk, 1mo on visual recovery and at 1d postoperatively on corneal edema(P>0.05). The loss of corneal endothelial after small incision cataract surgery was slightly better than that after the phacoemulsification(PCONCLUSION:When the depth of surgical microscopes in the primary hospital is not clear enough, small incision extracapsular cataract extraction surgery and phacoemulsification will still be carried out under the low magnification compensation depth.

AIM:To observe buddleja officinalis total flavonoids' effect on the basal tear secretion amount, tear film stability, lacrimal gland histomorphology and serum testosterone level of castrated male rat model with xeroma, to study the mechanism of rat xeroma caused by buddleja officinalis total flavones' anti-sex hormones disorders.MEATHODS: A total of 150 Wistar male rats of 1 month old, weighted about 200g, were randomly divided into 5 groups with 30 rats in each group with A representing normal group; B representing sham operation group; C representing surgery control group; D representing group treated with androgen; E representing group treated with buddleja officinalis total flavonoids. For the groups C, D, E, the bilateral testicle and epididymis were excised; For group B, scrota were incised without removal of the testicles, as the sham operation group; For group A, nothing was done. One week after modeling when the wound was to be healed, drug was given to each group. Respectively at the 1st month, 3rd, and 5th months after treatment, 10 rats were randomly selected in each group, to receive Schirmer I test, tear breakup time measurement. Blood serum testosterone levels were tested in the fifth month. RESUITS: For groups D and E, the Schirmer I test measurements were significantly higher than that of group C(PPPCONCLUSION: Decreased androgen levels can lead to xeroma, and removal of bilateral testes and epididymis can successfully establish the animal models of xeroma in rats caused by decreased androgen levels. Buddleja officinalis total flavonoids have androgenic effect, which produces the similar treatment effect of xeroma with testosterone propionate. Buddleja officinalis total flavonoids may become a new treatment for xeroma.

AIM: To evaluate the effects of sanxuemingmu capsule combined with compound anisoine in the ocular ischemic disease.METHODS: We divided our patient into two groups according to their blood-activating and stasis-dissolving drug using history at first, then divided them into observation/positive/negative control subgroups according to random case-control method. The clinical key data and advert effects after 3 cycles of treatment were obtained by visual acuity/visual field and color Doppler.RESULTS: The index of general effects/visual acuity/the general visual acuity loss/the artery/vein perfusion time of fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA)and color Doppler index(CDI)together with the advert effects rate of cardiovascular system of the observation groups were significantly better than those of the contrast groups.CONCLUSION: The combination of sanxuemingmu capsule with anisoine is effective in the ocular ischemic diseases and can lessen the cardiovascular advert effect rate of ocular ischemic diseases suffer while this administration method is more benefit in cases without blood-activating and stasis-dissolving drug using history than cases with drug using cases.

AIM: To observe effects of four effective components of Qing Guang An on inoblast and typeⅠcollagen of scarring tissue of filtration canal after glaucoma surgery, and discuss their effect and function mechanism on preventing its formation. METHODS: Four effective components of Qing Guang An were used in rabbit eyes after glaucoma surgery(Group D.E.F.G), with the blank group(A), model group(B), MMC group comparison(C). Effects of four effective components of Qing Guang An on inoblast and typeⅠcollagen of scarring tissue of filtration canal after glaucoma surgery were observed. RESULTS: After surgery, MMC group(C), effective component 2(E)groups of intraocular pressure rose slowly. At the fourth week, intraocular pressure remained minimum. The compare of these two groups of intraocular pressure and those of group A, B, D, F, G had significance on statistics. Comparing with the number of inoblast of each group, except group D and E, which result was P>0.05 and had no obvious significance on statistics, others were significant. Comparing with the expression of typeⅠcollagen, except group C and E, B and G, F and G, result of others had obvious significance on statistics showing as P

AIM: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of pattern scan laser photocoagulation(Pascal)on proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).METHODS: A total of 93 patients with retinopathy(186 eyes)were randomly divided into treatment group(96 eyes of 48 patients)who treated with panretinal photocoagulation(PRP)using Pascal at one time and control group(90 eyes of 45 patients)who treated with PRP using multi-wavelength krypton laser in 4-5 times. The visual acuity, FFA, OCT, visual field will be evaluated of each patient before and after the treatment.RESULTS: The visual acuity findings were stated as below: the overall effective rate of visual acuity in treatment group is 85.4% while it is 82.2% in control group. The overall effective rate in two groups has no significant difference. The retinal sensitivity has no significant decrease in the treatment group while which decreased significantly in the control group.CONCLUSION: The clinical efficacy of Pascal on treating the PDR is better than which of the regular argon laser. The field of vision has no significant narrowed after the Pascal treatment which can efficiently shorten the length of treatment and reduce the pain sensation.

AIM:To assess the neuroprotective effects of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of glaucoma. METHODS:The electronic bibliographic databases were searched,including Medline(1966-01/2011-03), EMbase(1996-2010), Cochrane library, Wanfang database,VIP(1999-2011), CNKI, the radomized controlled trials of TCM treatment compares with Western medicine treatment of the glaucoma were assembled Data were extracted and evaluated by two reciewers independently with a designed extraction formation by Meta-analysis based on the Cochrane net suggestion. RESULTS:A total of 8 theses written in Chinese were retrieved,including 719 patients.The results of Meta-analysis showed the combination therapy of TCM and western therapy significant improves the effect of neuroprotection(P