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AIM: To investigate the related risk factors of diabetic retinopathy(DR)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM)in residents of community in our local area and provide a clinical evidence for prevention and treatment for the complication of DM. METHODS: The residents who lived in our local community with type 2 DM and hospitalized were studied. The stages of DR and duration of DM, blood pressure, level of blood glucose, blood lipids and other factors were analyzed statistically.RESULTS: Fifty-three patients(30.1%)were found with DR in 176 cases. The risk factors included the diabetic duration and glycosylated hemoglobin(all PP>0.05). CONCLUSION: Diabetic duration and glycosylated hemoglobin are the risk factors of DR.