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Organ culture was used to compare gastrin and somatostatin release from cultured antral mucosa obtained from duodenal ulcer and non-ulcer (control) subjects. In response to dibutyryl cyclic AMP (DBCAMP) cultured antral mucosal explants from patients with a history of duodenal ulcer released a greater proportion of antral gastrin into the medium than did antral mucosal explants from non-ulcer subjects. Somatostatin release from antral mucosa from duodenal ulcer patients was substantially less than somatostatin released by antral explants from non-ulcer subjects. In the non-ulcer subjects there was a direct positive correlation between the amounts of antral somatostatin and gastrin released into the culture medium (r = 0.64, less than p 0.01). In the duodenal ulcer patients, however, there was no correlation between gastrin release and somatostatin release from antral mucosa ( r = 0.09; p greater than 0.2). Results of these studies identify enhanced gastrin release in response to stimulation and decreased release of somatostatin from antral mucosa of duodenal ulcer patients. These alterations in paracrine relationships of antral somatostatin and gastrin in duodenal ulcer subjects may contribute, at least in part, to the pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer disease. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Glucagon given as an intravenous injection of 2 mg (0.57 mmol) or as constant intravenous infusion of 1.64 microgram/kg/h (0.47 nmol/kg/h) significantly increased gastric mucosal potential difference (PD) in man. Pentagastrin infusion of 2 microgram/kg/h (2.8 nmol/kg/h) dramatically reduced gastric PD in man. The effect of each of these hormones on PD was reversed by the administration of the other. Changes in PD induced by one hormone were not associated with reductions in blood levels of the other. There was an approximate correlation between changes in PD and pH of gastric aspirates, however, the patterns of PD and pH changes were at times dissimilar. This study indicates that administration of gastrointestinal hormones significantly alters gastric mucosal PD in man. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]