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Family planning is known not only as a fundamental intervention for improving the health of women but also as a human right. The aim of this study was to assess the current knowledge, attitude and practice of contraceptive use among female students in Dilla secondary and preparatory school, Dilla, South Ethiopia, 2014. A cross sectional study was conducted among 288 female students in Dilla secondary and preparatory school, south Ethiopia, June 19- 29/2014. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the study subjects. The data was collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed by SPSS 20. Chi-square test was used to identify associated factors. A total of 263 female students were involved in this study, of which 249 (94.7%) had good knowledge about contraception. The three most frequently identified methods were injectable form (83.9%), oral contraceptive pills (72.7%) and condom (48.6%). A total of 15.7% respondents ever used contraceptive. Among the users, 56.4% used oral contraceptive pills, and 23.1 and 10.2% used injectable form and condom, respectively. In spite of the fact that most respondents had good knowledge of contraception, their attitude and practice was low. Emphasis needs to be given on disseminating health information concerning the attitude and practice of contraceptive method.