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The boiler equipment should be able to adapt to the load requirements and overcome the interference of various external conditions. By establishing a one-dimensional single-channel general numerical calculation model suitable for flow instability analysis of ultra-supercritical boilers at 700 °C, the rules of flow in the tubes are calculated. The 7th loop and the 22nd loop of the boiler water wall are selected as typical loops, and the dynamic characteristics of the two loops are calculated. The results show that after applying different multiples of heat flux disturbance, regardless of whether metal heat storage is considered, the inlet and outlet mass flow rates of the two circuits show inverse dynamic responses and eventually return to a steady state. When considering heat storage, it takes about 63 s for the 7th loop to return to stability. The recovery and stabilization time of the 22nd loop is about 60 s. Metal thermal storage has a positive effect on the settling time of the pipe section after heat flux disturbance. And when the maximum heat flux disturbance is applied, the maximum wall temperatures of the two loops are 443.9 °C and 446.5 °C, and the boiler can operate safely and stably. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]