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The extraction of aggregates is one of the activities that generates the greatest impact on the environment. Currently, the province of Santiago de Cuba has 8 reservoirs where resources are exploited for the production of materials for construction. The areas degraded by the exploitation of aggregates in the province occupy around 200 ha, which causes a great impact on the environment. For this reason, it was proposed as Objective: to carry out an environmental impact assessment of the exploitation of the Yarayabo quarry, in order to propose the preventive and corrective measures that must be adopted to minimize the impact on the environment, in order to make the exploitation and preservation of the natural environment. In the methodology: scientific methods were applied that allowed the analysis of the factors that influence the alteration of the environment resulting from mining exploitation. Reaching as result: the environmental impact matrix of the quarry object of study. And in conclusion: measures were proposed for each of the components impacted to mitigate their effects and thus achieve responsible mining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]