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T-T cell interactions are known to be of importance in the generation of immune responses and have been postulated to play a role in autoimmunity. Antiergotypic T lymphocytes are cells, which react with other activated T cells, which they may consecutively neutralize. Antiergotypic T cells have been described to play a role in animal models of autoimmunity and have been found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. It was the aim of the present study to analyse, whether antiergotypic T cells were also present in the blood of patients with endocrine autoimmunity and to characterize them in vitro. We found that peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with Graves' disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Diabetes mellitus show a pronounced proliferative response, when stimulated with autologous T cell lines. This response is dependent on the state of activation of the stimulator cell population, but is independent of its phenotype and is not MHC restricted. In contrast to normal control cells PBMC from patients with endocrine autoimmune disorders respond better to autologous T lymphocytes, than to allogeneic T cells and to autologous E- monocytic cells. T cells responsive to activated autologous T cell lines can also be expanded from PBMC. They may be CD4+ or CD8+ and recognize autologous T cells in the presence of autologous PBMC as feeder cells. These results suggest the presence of a T-T cell network in patients with endocrine autoimmune disease, which may have an important regulatory role in the disease process.