23 results on '"metáfora"'
Search Results
2. Metaphor, metonymy and evaluation as political devices in American and Spanish parliamentary political discourse.
- Author
-
Peñuelas, Ana Belén Cabrejas
- Subjects
METONYMS ,LEXICAL access ,SELF-evaluation ,FINANCIAL crises ,POLITICAL debates - Abstract
Copyright of Iberica is the property of Asociacion Europea de Lenguas para Fines Especificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
3. Communicating with metaphors
- Author
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Dorota Sylwia Majewicz and Jacek Maślankowski
- Subjects
metaphor ,social cognition ,cross-cultural communication ,discourse processing ,information technologies ,metáfora ,Language and Literature ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
La metáfora es una herramienta cognitiva que favorece la creación de intimidad (Bowles & Katz, 2015). Últimamente, los métodos de big data han permitido el análisis de textos a gran escala, especialmente relevantes al investigar el uso de la lengua en Internet. Aunque diversas técnicas de minería de datos se habían utilizado previamente, las fuentes de big data permiten desarrollar nuevos métodos de análisis de textos, especialmente aquellos capaces de analizar sentimientos y lematizar. Este artículo examina los cambios recientes en la comunicación intercultural relativos al uso de metáforas y su función para establecer un ambiente cordial en Internet entre los que debaten sobre el uso de teléfonos móviles. En este artículo, se emplearon métodos de big data para buscar expresiones usadas en la comunicación intercultural y se creó una lista de metáforas de uso común. Las tecnologías de big data permitieron identificar la cantidad de expresiones y colocaciones léxicas empleadas por los usuarios de Internet. Se utilizaron métodos de minería de datos incluso para la extracción de información proveniente de fuentes de datos sin estructurar. La encuesta fue dirigida a usuarios de las redes sociales y foros de telefonía móvil. El perfil de los usuarios se hizo en base al país e idioma y el análisis detallado se limitó a los casos ingleses y polacos. Los resultados del análisis muestran la escalada de la creación de metáforas en la comunicación intercultural y la importancia de las funciones cognitivas de las metáforas en un ambiente cultural y lingüísticamente heterogéneo
- Published
- 2018
4. Communicating with metaphors: A cross-cultural analysis of technology forums.
- Author
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Majewicz, Dorota Sylwia and Maślankowski, Jacek
- Subjects
METAPHOR ,SOCIAL media ,EDUCATIONAL technology ,BIG data ,DATA mining ,CROSS-cultural communication - Abstract
Copyright of Iberica is the property of Asociacion Europea de Lenguas para Fines Especificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
5. A metaphor-metonymy continuum? Evidence from cross-field L2 set texts
- Author
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Antonio José Jiménez Muñoz and Ana Cristina Lahuerta Martínez
- Subjects
metaphor ,metonymy ,second language acquisition ,specialised texts ,metáfora ,metonimia ,Language and Literature ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
Mientras que los tipos de metonimia han permanecido relativamente estables en la literatura, existe todavía controversia acerca de las variedades de metáfora y su diferenciación de la metonimia. Algunos autores sostienen que el lenguaje debe considerarse como etapas a lo largo de un continuo, con el sentido literal y metafórico en ambos extremos, y la metonimia situada en algún punto entre ambos. Sin embargo, en contextos de adquisición, particularmente los especializados, la naturaleza de tales usos figurativos puede resultar opaca para los aprendices, ya que estos a menudo siguen los modelos prevalentes en sus disciplinas y tienden a percibir el lenguaje de una manera literal. Esto distorsiona la posición de los elementos en el continuo metáfora-metonimia, ya que impide unir usos figurados y no figurados de forma más amplia en un uso más rico del lenguaje comunicativo. Usando como instrumentos de investigación una taxonomía tridimensional para la metáfora, con valores comunicativos, conceptuales y lingüísticos, y una revisión de los tipos de metonimia, este artículo compara un corpus de 150 textos MCER B1 que los alumnos de los grados de Economía, Geografía y Química deben estudiar en una universidad española. Se examina estadísticamente la aparición de usos figurados en los textos, mostrando variaciones y tendencias entre estas disciplinas, y un frecuente solapamiento entre metonimia y metáfora. Los resultados sugieren la integración de un enfoque cognitivo que haga relevantes las metáforas y metonimias a los aprendices. Las variaciones inter-lingüísticas e inter-culturales propias de estas figuras pueden dificultar la transición entre usos figurados y literales, obligando a los profesores a recurrir a su lengua materna
- Published
- 2017
6. Metaphors in texts about climate change
- Author
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Alice Deignan
- Subjects
metaphor ,science ,climate change ,education ,schools ,metáfora ,Language and Literature ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
This article discusses the use of metaphors and metonyms in texts about climate change in different registers, with a particular focus on the information given to young people, and what they understand about the topic. It begins by considering the role of metaphorical thinking and language in science, and reviews some of the work on scientific metaphor in expert and popular genres. The article analyses the different functions of metaphors in two texts about anthropogenic climate change from different genres, arguing that in the popular text analysed metaphors tend to have the function of entertaining and dramatizing, and introducing and concluding (interpersonal and textual), as opposed to their informational (ideational) function in the research article that was analysed. I then discuss a corpus and discourse analysis of young people’s talk about climate change. The young people’s use of figurative language is compared with that of researchers and educationalists. The analysis finds that, consistent with work on scientific popularisations, written texts for non-specialists tend to “open up” in Knudsen’s (2003) terms experts’ metaphors, extending them creatively. I found that on occasion this seems to lead to, or reflect, misunderstandings of the underlying science. I also find that young people reference Arctic and Antarctic animals as symbols of the problem of climate change.
- Published
- 2017
7. Metaphors in Photography Language
- Author
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Iryna Mykytka
- Subjects
metaphor ,photography ,lexicon ,ESP ,metáfora ,fotografía ,Language and Literature ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
Metaphors have been the focus of many studies that embrace a wide range of aspects and diverse fields of knowledge given the colossal diversity of work now being undertaken (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980; Lakoff, 1987, 1993; Ortony, 1993; Kövecses, 1990, 2003, 2005, 2010; Gibbs, 2008; Forceville & Urios-Aparisi, 2009). They are no longer restricted to literature or poetry as an ornamental device, but they are present in everyday language including the technical fields. Numerous studies have been carried out on metaphor in different specialized discourses. However, little attention has been paid to the photography genre so far. The present paper, thus, focuses mainly on the use of verbal metaphor in the language of photography as one of many fields of English for Specific Purposes (ESP). The aim of this research is to investigate metaphors used to construct photographic concepts in the photography blogs which constitute the data of this study. The Metaphor Identification Procedure (MIP) developed by the Pragglejaz Group (2007) has been used to identify metaphoric expression. The analysis of these metaphoric expressions was based on Conceptual Metaphor Theory (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980). The data analysis indicates that there is a great variety of conceptual metaphors present in photography blogs, projected through conceptual mapping from different source domains into the target domain, such as PHOTOGRAPHY IS A WAR, PHOTOGRAPHY IS HUNTING, PHOTOGRAPHY IS A GAME, A CAMERA IS A GUN, A CAMERA IS A PERSON, among others
- Published
- 2016
8. Metaphorical scenarios in business science discourse
- Author
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Baramee Kheovichai
- Subjects
metaphor ,discourse analysis ,corpus linguistics ,business discourse ,cognitive linguistics ,metáfora ,Language and Literature ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
Metaphor has been shown to play an important role in business science discourse. Yet, previous corpus-based studies only investigated a pre-selected list of metaphoric expressions, potentially rendering the analysis incomplete. Furthermore, some studies which only focused on lexis did not analyse how the lexical items may construct business concepts in terms of scenarios. The purpose of this research is to investigate metaphor used to construct business concepts in business research articles. 42 business research articles published in 2009-2010 from five journals ranked in the top-ten according to the 2007 journal impact factors (Thompson Reuters, 2008) constitute the data of this study. Semantic annotation software USAS (Rayson, 2008) was used to assist in the retrieval of metaphoric expressions. Furthermore, manual analysis of concordances was done to find metaphorical expressions that had not been captured by the semantic tags. The analysis of these metaphoric expressions was based on Conceptual Metaphor Theory (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980) and Metaphor Scenario (Musolff, 2006). Data analysis indicates that metaphor constructs business concepts as scenarios which have participants performing actions to reach their goal according to the SOURCE-PATH-GOAL schema of the source domains. At the centre of these scenarios, the BOUNDED SPACE source domain serves as a conceptual space or a setting for each scenario. Other source domains, which are WAR, SPORT, GAME, JOURNEY, MACHINE, LIVING ORGANISM, BUILDING and PHYSICAL FORCES, project the scenarios onto the space, forming interconnected and coherent scenarios of business discourse
- Published
- 2015
9. Metaphors in Photography Language.
- Author
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Mykytka, Iryna
- Subjects
METAPHOR ,FIGURES of speech ,PHOTOJOURNALISM ,COMMERCIAL photography ,PHOTOGRAPHY - Abstract
Copyright of Iberica is the property of Asociacion Europea de Lenguas para Fines Especificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
10. Metáfora, ciencia y cultura: Propuesta de una nueva tipología para el análisis de la metáfora científica
- Author
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Georgina Cuadrado Esclapez
- Subjects
cultura ,cognitivismo ,metáfora ,ciencia ,Language and Literature ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
Este artículo de carácter interdisciplinar establece una correlación entre los modos cognitivos (Buxó Rey, 1975; 1984) y la metáfora en la ciencia, lo que supone la incorporación de una importante aportación de la antropología cognitiva a la teoría del lenguaje y del conocimiento. Para establecer esta correlación, se parte del supuesto de que el modo de pensar y de estructurar la realidad de una determinada cultura no está separado de su manifestación en el lenguaje y, por tanto, de la construcción de concepciones metafóricas. Esta correlación sólo es posible partiendo de las premisas establecidas por la última generación cognitivista que asume que la metáfora es parte constituyente de nuestro sistema conceptual (Gleitman & Lieberman, 1995; Smith & Osherson, 1995). La tipología que propone espera ofrecer nuevas perspectivas para el análisis de la metáfora en el discurso científico-técnico.
- Published
- 2004
11. La metáfora en la formación del vocabulario del ciclismo en francés
- Author
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Ángel Javier Herráez Pindado
- Subjects
lingüística cognitiva ,vocabulario deportivo ,semántica ,metáfora ,francés de especialidad ,Language and Literature ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
La metáfora es uno de los procedimientos de creación lingüística más empleados por la lengua deportiva ciclista para formar su vocabulario. En este trabajo analizamos, por un lado, las metáforas utilizadas para nombrar las distintas piezas de la bicicleta y, por otro, las que se refieren al agente, es decir al corredor ciclista. A través del análisis de estas metáforas vemos que éstas responden a dos tipos de necesidades: en el primer caso, se trata de necesidades denominativas (dar un nombre a algo que no lo tiene) y, en el segundo, expresivas (buscar un nombre que exprese la noción de manera más emotiva que el nombre técnico). En el campo de la técnica de la bicicleta, la metáfora se basa en analogías formales o funcionales, mientras que en la denominación del agente es destacable el recurso a dos dominios de origen principales: el ferrocarril y, sobre todo, el campo épico-militar.
- Published
- 2004
12. Thinking, drawing and writing architecture through metaphor
- Author
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María Rosario Caballero Rodríguez
- Subjects
metaphor ,architecture ,genre ,disciplinary acculturation ,ESP pedagogy ,metáfora ,Language and Literature ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
Metaphor is a critical component of being an architect: it mediates the various stages involved in architectural design, motivates a large part of the jargon used in the discipline, and is consistently used as a rhetorical strategy in many of the genres articulating architectural communication. Given its importance in architectural practice and discourse, the teaching of metaphor should be included in the syllabi of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) courses taught at polytechnic schools. The purpose of this paper is twofold. On the one hand, I describe how various metaphors inform architects' practice - from the first design phase to the post-construction assessment distributed in one of the most popular genres in the community; that is, the architectural review. Drawing insights from cognitive and genre research into the role of metaphor in the discipline, I then suggest ways in which metaphorical competence can be fostered in ESP courses aiming at facilitating the students' gradual enculturation process into their future community of practice
- Published
- 2014
13. Los animales y los colores: usos metafóricos en español e inglés en las ingenierías
- Author
-
Verónica Vivanco Cervero
- Subjects
vocabulario ,metáfora ,neologismo ,significante y significado ,Language and Literature ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
Este estudio intenta demostrar la pujanza de las metáforas en el vocabulario técnico español e inglés. Éstas no se encuentran restringidas a la literatura o a la poesía; pertenecen al vocabu-lario cotidiano, pero también al campo técnico por representar el deseo humano de enraizarse en las tradiciones del pasado, y, al mismo tiempo, en los símbolos de la naturaleza. Las metáforas son el medio más prolífico en la acuñación de significados, para lo que no necesitan una nueva voz; por otro lado, el uso de neologismos implica el deseo del hombre de ser moderno mental y tecnológicamente, para lo cual necesitan un nuevo significante y significado. Las metáforas comportan sentidos novedosos, sin la acuñación de una voz nueva. En las siguientes páginas intentaremos mostrar, por medio de un análisis comparativo inglés-español, un panorama de las metáforas relacionadas con los animales y los colores, dos tópicos aparentemente inconexos, pero de los que podemos extraer interesantes conclusiones: la mayor vinculación del español con la imaginación (animales) mientras que el inglés muestra una tendencia superior a la vinculación con la realidad (colores).
- Published
- 2001
14. Metaphorical scenarios in business science discourse.
- Author
-
Kheovichai, Baramee
- Subjects
METAPHOR -- Social aspects ,DISCOURSE -- Social aspects ,EXPRESSIVE behavior ,BUSINESS enterprises ,DATA analysis - Abstract
Copyright of Iberica is the property of Asociacion Europea de Lenguas para Fines Especificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
15. Thinking, drawing and writing architecture through metaphor.
- Author
-
Caballero, Rosario
- Subjects
ARCHITECTURAL design ,METAPHOR ,ENGLISH language education ,TECHNICAL institutes ,ARCHITECTURE - Abstract
Copyright of Iberica is the property of Asociacion Europea de Lenguas para Fines Especificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
16. A translation approach to metaphor teaching in the LSP classroom
- Author
-
María Sol Velasco Sacristán
- Subjects
translation ,metaphor ,LSP ,Business English ,traducción ,metáfora ,Language and Literature ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
Un enfoque traslativo en la enseñanza de la metáfora en la clase de LFE: ejercicios de un programa de inglés de los negocios La traducción puede resultar un arma útil en la enseñanza de la metáfora en el aula de lenguas para fines específicos. Aunque todas las lenguas usan metáforas, ni los conceptos metafóricos ni sus realizaciones lingüísticas tienen necesariamente que coincidir en todas la lenguas (Deignan et al., 1997). Por tanto, el grado de dificultad que presenta la metáfora para los estudiantes de discursos profesionales en una L2 depende del grado de fluctuación entre los sistemas metafóricos de sus L1 y L2. De ahí que si se logra una mejor comprensión de las diferencias y similitudes en el uso metafórico en diferentes pares lingüísticos se pueda ayudar a los estudiantes de discursos profesionales en L2 a superar los problemas de transferencia de una lengua y cultura a otra. En este artículo proponemos un enfoque traslativo de enseñanza de metáforas en el aula de lenguas para fines específicos, ilustrando su uso en un programa de inglés para los negocios en el que se han empleado actividades traslativo-cognitivas centradas en el estudiante. Los resultados de aplicación de este enfoque, aunque aún requieren mayor investigación empírica, parecen sugerir que la traducción puede constituir un valioso instrumento pedagógico y comunicativo para enseñar conceptos y expresiones metafóricas a los estudiantes de discursos profesionales en L2.
- Published
- 2009
17. The relationship between conceptual metaphors and classroom management language
- Author
-
Graham Low
- Subjects
metaphor ,phrasal verbs ,language learning ,classroom management discourse ,metáfora ,verbos frasales ,Language and Literature ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
The use of the target language to manage a class and organise its work represents one of the few genuinely communicative uses of the target language in many formal foreign-language or bilingual-education teaching situations. It is thus important that both teachers and learners understand and know how to use the key expressions involved. These tend to be highly metaphoric (Low, 2008) with one particularly productive conceptual metaphor involving the JOURNEY (or TRAVEL) source domain seemingly standing out. There seems to have been little investigation to date into whether or not learners whose first language is not English actually understand the expressions involved in such classroom management language. Moreover, with the recent growing interest in the area of content-based learning, there is increasing pressure on language teachers, whose first language is not English, to use English as their classroom management language. Our first aim was to look at whether the acceptability judgements for classroom management expressions offered by non-native speaking teachers of English resembled those of native speakers, and whether these judgements reflected corpus findings regarding the frequency of usage in spoken English. To do this, we analysed native and non-native speaker responses to a short questionnaire. Our second aim was to look at how non-native speakers of English perceive the meanings of these expressions, comparing our findings to native speaker judgements and corpus results
- Published
- 2009
18. A translation approach to metaphor teaching in the LSP classroom: sample exercises from a Business English syllabus.
- Author
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Sacristán, Marisol Velasco
- Subjects
TRANSLATING & interpreting ,BUSINESS English ,METAPHOR ,DISCOURSE ,EMPIRICAL research ,LINGUISTICS ,FOREIGN language education ,TEACHING ,CLASSROOMS ,EDUCATION - Abstract
Copyright of Iberica is the property of Asociacion Europea de Lenguas para Fines Especificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2009
19. "Progressive" evolution and "totipotent" stem cells: metaphors in British and German debates about the "life sciences".
- Author
-
Musolff, Andreas
- Subjects
EMBRYONIC stem cell research ,EVOLUTIONARY theories ,METAPHOR ,STEM cells ,MEDICAL research ,DISCOURSE ,CELLS - Abstract
Copyright of Iberica is the property of Asociacion Europea de Lenguas para Fines Especificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2009
20. The relationship between conceptual metaphors and classroom management language: reactions by native and non-native speakers of English.
- Author
-
Low, Graham and Littlemore, Jeannette
- Subjects
METAPHOR ,CLASSROOM management ,FOREIGN language education ,ENGLISH as a foreign language ,BILINGUAL education ,LANGUAGE teachers ,SPOKEN English ,LEARNING ,JUDGMENT (Psychology) - Abstract
Copyright of Iberica is the property of Asociacion Europea de Lenguas para Fines Especificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2009
21. The effect of context on the use of metaphor in discourse.
- Author
-
Kövecses, Zoltán
- Subjects
METAPHOR ,DISCOURSE ,FIGURES of speech ,CULTURE ,RHETORIC ,LINGUISTICS ,LANGUAGE & languages ,VOCABULARY ,SOCIAL control - Abstract
Copyright of Iberica is the property of Asociacion Europea de Lenguas para Fines Especificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2009
22. Item-based and cognitive-style-based variation in students' abilities to use metaphoric extension strategies
- Author
-
Jeannette Littlemore
- Subjects
Vocabulary learning ,metaphor ,cognitive styles ,aprendizaje del vocabulario ,metáfora ,estilos cognitivos ,Language and Literature ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
Este artículo examina la tendencia que tienen los estudiantes de lenguas de utilizar "estrategias de extensión metafóricas" para averiguar el significado del vocabulario que no conocen. Estas estrategias se basan en que el significado de las palabras se puede a veces deducir del análisis de los procesos metafóricos implicados en su formación. Por ejemplo, el significado de la palabra grounded se puede deducir por referencia al significado literal de la palabra ground. Se describe una investigación empírica realizada sobre tres factores que pueden afectar la tendencia de los alumnos a emplear estrategias de extensión metafóricas. El estudio determinó que los elementos concretos provocaban en mayor medida más estrategias de extensión metafóricas que los elementos menos concretos. La presencia de pistas contextuales también ayudaban en este cometido. Los estilos cognitivos de los estudiantes tuvieron un efecto importante en su destreza para usar este tipo de estrategias. Estos resultados sugieren que es importante animar a los alumnos para que utilicen este tipo de estrategias, aunque también habría que tener en cuenta las diferencias individuales
- Published
- 2004
23. Metaphor at work
- Author
-
Paloma Ubeda Mansilla
- Subjects
metaphor ,English for architects ,speaking at work ,metáfora ,inglés para arquitectos ,conversación profesional ,Language and Literature ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
There is a significant amount of research in the field of metaphor, but not so much in the use of this resource by a particular socio-professional group, and very few works have included the views and opinions of the correspondent users -this paper moves one step forward in that direction. Based on a major pragmatics research on metaphors in the field of architecture aimed at the design of a course of English for students of Architecture in Spain, the following paper analyses the results of a survey to find out how English architects refer to city and building as two basic categories in their working environment. The main objective is to find out how important the use of metaphors for architects is in order to communicate ideas and concepts about their projects. The conclusions are based on an empirical study carried out in five macro-architectural practices1 in London City through the use of a focused cognitive questionnaire handed out in situ. The analysis shows that unconscious and continuous use of metaphors when referring to the basic categories of building and city constitute a powerful basis for communication at work, transmitting concepts and ideas according to a common cognitive map. Finally, the importance of contextual background and its implications in the use of technical English among European architects is pointed out
- Published
- 2003
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