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It is possible to define agricultural structures and agricultural production modes as the main determinants of the rural cultural landscape. The unique characteristic of rural cultural landscapes, which are shaped based on agricultural production, continues to exist by experiencing changes in the process with its agricultural structure, rural culture and related lifestyles. Studies that define the elements that make up this unique charactesristic and explain the evolution and transformation of these elements in the process are important for the resilience of rural cultural landscapes. In this study, it is aimed to analyze the hazelnut production in Ordu province located in the Eastern Black Sea Region and the rural cultural landscape created by this production mode and to describe its unique characteristics. In-depth interviews were conducted with 66 people in their rural dwellings or hazelnut orchards, and observations were made. The data and observations are grouped under three headings: (1) why and (2) how hazelnut is produced, and (3) how it is marketed. The results revealed that the only agricultural product in the rural areas of Ordu, hazelnut production, is a production mode that defines the economic structure, place and social life by adapting to its own special conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]