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The application of live-streaming in e-commerce has garnered substantial attention in recent years, transforming marketing tactics and customer involvement. Grounded on signal theory and presence theory, this study aims to uncover the mechanism of trust-building in live-streaming commerce that concentrates primarily on live-streaming commerce features. This study, which was exploratory in nature, gathered a dataset of 339 responses from China through an online survey. This dataset was then subjected to exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and covariance-based structural equation modeling to identify and elucidate the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The study found that the consumer’s sense of presence and authenticity in live streaming significantly impacts the consumer’s trust. Visual appeal and interactivity influence the consumer’s presence and authenticity; however, only interactivity can directly influence consumer trust; visual appeal can only influence consumer trust indirectly through presence and authenticity. This study expands the existing body of research regarding consumer trust in live-streaming commerce. Additionally, this study provides evidence that the consumer’s perception of presence and authenticity play mediating roles in the relationship between live-streaming commerce features and consumer trust.

Long time coherent integration technique is one of the most important methods to improve the radar detection ability of a weak maneuvering target. However, the integration performance may be greatly influenced by the range migration and Doppler migration effects caused by the complex motions of maneuvering targets when long time integration is applied. Besides, the frequency hopping characteristic of the transmitted signal will also result in Doppler migration which cannot be eliminated by the conventional coherent integration method. To deal with this problem, a novel coherent integration method based on phase compensation is proposed. By using the frequency hopping pattern, the Doppler migration is eliminated by adding an extra phase in the twiddle factor of Fourier Transform in this proposed method. Since the phase error is compensated, long time coherent integration can be achieved. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the simulation results and the performance analysis.

In order to solve the problem when the target detection of passive bistatic radar is seriously affected by direct signal and multi-path, a clutter cancellation algorithm based on frequency domain analysis is proposed in this paper. By analyzing and processing the frequency domain correlation between the reference signal and the echo signal, the time delay and the amplitude of the direct signal and multipath in the echo signal can be estimated for clutter cancellation. This method can not only reduce the computation greatly, but also eliminate the influence of clutter echo residue on target detection. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by simulation and real data processing.

An improved Gaussian Filter (GF) is designed for nonlinear Dynamic Positioning (DP) ships with cross-correlated colored noises and random measurements loss. For the actual nonlinear Dynamic Position System (DPS), the state noises and measurement noises do not satisfy the assumption of Gaussian white noises and the loss of measurements may occur randomly. Therefore, the following circumstances are considered: the state noises and measurement noises are cross-correlated colored noises at the same and adjacent sampling moments; the measurement loss occurs randomly for the data transmission between the sensor units and the estimator units. In order to get the estimator for nonlinear DP ships with cross-correlated colored noises and random measurements loss, a GF framework based on Bayesian theory is proposed, and then the Cubature Mix Kalman Filter based on spherical-radial method is obtained. In the end, the simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has better estimation performance than Unscented Kalman Filter with Measurements Loss and standard Cubature Kalman Filter.