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In this paper, the dynamic pressure characteristics induced by an internal solitary wave (ISW) in a two-layer fluid of finite depth are studied. A method for detecting ISWs by dynamic pressure is proposed. First, an accurate controllable ISW numerical flume is established based on the applicability conditions of three kinds of ISW theories. Then the relationship between the maximum dynamic pressure and the amplitude of the ISW under four density stratifications is studied. The results show that the dynamic pressure variation induced by the ISW is synchronous with that of interface displacement. Under the same density stratification, the maximum dynamic pressure has a strong linear relationship with the corresponding amplitude. Furthermore, the nonlinear error is less than 7%, and the relationship is not affected by the ocean structure. According to the above characteristics of dynamic pressure, a series of dynamic pressure measurement experiments were carried out in a large internal wave flume (IWF) using a very low frequency (VLF) piezoelectric sensor. The experimental results show that the dynamic pressure measurement results are in good agreement with the numerical simulation results. Last, the Miyata-Choi-Camassa (MCC) theory is used to invert the measured maximum dynamic pressure to the amplitude of ISW, and compared with the measured amplitude, the maximum error is less than 6%, which verifies the feasibility of the inversion method of ISW amplitude by using dynamic pressure measurement proposed in this paper, and provides a new method and idea for detecting ISW at sea in the future.