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M2M communication offers ubiquitous applications and is one of the leading facilitators of the Internet of Things paradigm. Unlike human-tohuman communication, distinct features of M2M traffic necessitates specialized and interoperable communication technologies. However, most existing solutions offering wired or wireless connectivity have limitations that hinder widespread horizons of M2M applications. To cope with the peculiar nature of M2M traffic, the evolving 5G system considers the integration of key enabling networking technologies for ubiquitous connectivity and guaranteed QoS. This study outlines the state-of-the-art architecture, recent advances, and open research challenges in communication technologies for M2M. Also, an overview of considerable architectural enhancements and novel techniques expected in 5G networks is presented, followed by the resultant services and benefits for M2M communications. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The Internet of Things is a novel cutting edge technology that proffers to connect a plethora of digital devices endowed with several sensing, actuation, and computing capabilities with the Internet, thus offering manifold new services in the context of a smart city. The appealing IoT services and big data analytics are enabling smart city initiatives all over the world. These services are transforming cities by improving infrastructure and transportation systems, reducing traffic congestion, providing waste management, and improving the quality of human life. In this article, we devise a taxonomy to best bring forth a generic overview of the IoT paradigm for smart cities, integrated ICT, network types, possible opportunities and major requirements. Moreover, an overview of the up-to-date efforts from standard bodies is presented. Later, we give an overview of existing open source IoT platforms for realizing smart city applications followed by several exemplary case studies. In addition, we summarize the latest synergies and initiatives worldwide taken to promote IoT in the context of smart cities. Finally, we highlight several challenges in order to give future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Tremendous advancements in heterogeneous communication technologies have enabled smart cities objects to interact with each other while ensuring network connectivity. However, these communication technologies cannot provide flawless connectivity in smart cities due to the coexistence of thousands of devices, which brings about several problems. In this article, we discuss the enabling communication and networking technologies used in smart cities. The similarities and differences among different communication technologies based on the important parameters are also analyzed. Moreover, a taxonomy is devised by classifying the literature based on future and emerging technologies, modern communication technologies, IEEE wireless technology standards, objectives, network classes, and mode of operations. Furthermore, some reported case studies of different cities (Barcelona, Stratford, Singapore, and Porto) are also presented. Lastly, several research challenges, such as interference management, scalable wireless solutions, interoperability support among heterogeneous wireless networks, mobility management, and high energy consumption that remain to be addressed for enabling unimpaired connectivity in smart cities are discussed as future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]