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The nonconformal domain decomposition methods (DDMs) of the hybrid finite element-boundary integral-multilevel fast multipole algorithm (FE-BI-MLFMA) are presented for computing large electromagnetic scattering/radiation problems. The numerical performance of different transmission conditions between finite element method (FEM) subdomains, and FEM and BI domains is studied in this paper. The Dirichlet transmission condition (DTC) employed at the interface between FEM and BI domains has faster convergence than the Robin-type transmission condition, and this finding is different from the conclusions for the FEM DDMs published in the literature. Furthermore, the cement-element (CE)-based dual-primal finite element tearing and interconnecting (FETI-DP) DDM has faster convergence than the Lagrange-multiplier-based FETI-DP method under the FE-BI system, and is also different from that under the system of the FEM with the absorbing boundary condition (FEM-ABC). It shows that the DDMs of FE-BI-MLFMA have some essential differences from those of FEM-ABC. The analysis of these numerical phenomena is presented in this paper. Further comparison between the DDMs of FE-BI-MLFMA and FEM-ABC demonstrates that the DDMs of FE-BI-MLMFA have essential advantages over those of FEM-ABC. Various numerical experiments confirm the accuracy, efficiency, and flexibility of the nonconformal DDM of FE-BI-MLFMA, which is the CE-based FETI-DP DDM with DTC connecting FEM and BI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerical techniques for calculating electromagnetic fields within three-dimensional surfaces are computationally intensive. Therefore, this paper presents the application of a mode-matching technique developed for analyzing electromagnetic scattering from periodic comb surfaces illuminated by a plane wave. A set of linear equations has been developed to calculate mode coefficients of the field distribution for both E- and H-polarized incident waves. Analysis is performed for two cases where the comb thickness is either infinitely thin or of a finite thickness. The technique is shown to accurately predict both field intensities within the near-field of the periodic surface and far-field scattering patterns. Results are compared to those obtained using the finite integration techniques (FIT) implemented in CST Microwave Studio. Furthermore, numerical results are compared to measurements of an aluminum prototype. Additional far-field scattering measurements using a bi-static system provide additional confidence in CST simulations and the mode-matching methods presented here. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Subgridding methods are often used to increase the efficiency of the wave propagation simulation with the Finite-Difference Time-Domain method. However, the majority of contemporary subgridding techniques have two important drawbacks: the difficulty in accommodating dispersive media and the inability for physical interfaces to cross the subgridding interface. This paper presents an extension of the frequency-dependent Huygens subgridding method from one dimension to three dimensions. Frequency dependency is implemented via the Auxiliary Differential Equation approach using the one-pole Debye relaxation model. Numerical experiments indicate that subgridding interfaces can be placed in various Debye media as well as across the physical interface . [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The well-known TE/TM decomposition of time-harmonic electromagnetic fields in uniaxial anisotropic media is generalized in terms of four-dimensional differential-form formalism by requiring that the field two-form satisfies an orthogonality condition with respect to two given bivectors. Conditions for the electromagnetic medium in which such a decomposition is possible are derived and found to define three subclasses of media. It is shown that the previously known classes of generalized Q-media and generalized P-media are particular cases of the proposed decomposable media (DCM) associated to a quadratic equation for the medium dyadic. As a novel solution, another class of special decomposable media (SDCM) is defined by a linear dyadic equation. The paper further discusses the properties of medium dyadics and plane-wave propagation in all the identified cases of DCM and SDCM. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Electromagnetic scattering by penetrable bodies often is modelled by the Poggio-Miller-Chan-Harrington-Wu-Tsai (PMCHWT) integral equation. Unfortunately the spectrum of the operator involved in this equation is bounded neither from above or below. This implies that the equation suffers from dense discretization breakdown; that is, the condition numbers of the matrix resulting upon discretizing the equation rise with the mesh density. The electric field integral equation, often used to model scattering by perfect electrically conducting bodies, is susceptible to a similar breakdown phenomenon. Recently, this breakdown was cured by leveraging the Calderón identities. In this paper, a Calderón preconditioned PMCHWT integral equation is introduced. By constructing a Calderón identity for the PMCHWT operator, it is shown that the new equation does not suffer from dense discretization breakdown. A consistent discretization scheme involving both Rao-Wilton-Glisson and Buffa-Christiansen functions is introduced. This scheme amounts to the application of a multiplicative matrix preconditioner to the classical PMCHWT system, and therefore is compatible with existing boundary element codes and acceleration schemes. The efficiency and accuracy of the algorithm are corroborated by numerical examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the authors present a method to reconstruct measured antenna radiation patterns and their related time-varying aperture fields. The method is based on a model that accounts for the measurement scenario and the antenna radiation characteristics through its radiation centers. The inputs to the model are radiation pattern measurements over a certain bandwidth. Solving the model provides the number of radiation centers, the patterns coupled with each radiation center, and the time delay at which these patterns would be measured. With this information one can reconstruct the measured pattern and retrieve the time-varying aperture fields of the antenna. The latter also provides a diagnostic tool for complex radiating structures. The method and the model are validated with measurements performed in a compact range of two spaceborne antennas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]