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Multiple scattering of parallel cylinders with arbitrary cross section is computed using the T-matrix of each single scatterer and the general translational matrix for cylindrical waves. Usually, the recommended golden rule to compute the translational matrix is Graf’s addition theorem. However, this approach cannot be properly implemented for some geometries, such as in a two-cylinder case when the center of one of them falls within the minimum circular cylinder that circumscribes the other one. In order to overcome this limitation, a transformation between cylindrical waves and plane waves, followed by propagation of the latter, is proposed. The new approach succeeds due to an adequate truncation of the evanescent plane wave spectrum. This strategy is demonstrated by studying the scattering of three infinite elliptic metallic cylinders for different electrical sizes and observing the convergence of the results as a function of the truncated spectrum. Finally, to conclusively show the interest and applicability of the approach, two more complex problems are treated: a group of infinite elliptic metallic cylinders where two different sizes are combined and a practical real-life filter in substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology, including several groups of rectangular dielectric cylinders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, a unified learning-based approach is introduced to solve inverse scattering problems (ISPs) with mixed boundary conditions (BCs). The scattering behavior of hybrid dielectric and perfect electric conductors (PEC) scatterers is modeled by the T-matrix method. A rough image of the zero-order T-matrix coefficients for unknown scatterers is first reconstructed by the backpropagation (BP) method, which is then refined by an attention-assisted pix2pix generative adversarial network (GAN). The spatial attention mechanism is utilized to enforce the generator network to learn salient features of the unknown scatterers instead of the background. The adversarial training of the generator and the discriminator further enables the reconstructed image to be constrained by high-level features of reference scatterers. Numerical tests on both synthetic and experimental data verify the superior performance of the proposed method for ISP reconstructions with hybrid scatterers. It effectively expands the application scope of learning-based ISP methods to reconstruct scatterers without knowing the BCs of scatterers in advance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hybrid computational schemes combining the advantages of a method of moments formulation of a field integral equation and T-matrix method are developed in this article. The hybrid methods are particularly efficient when describing the interaction of electrically small complex objects and electrically large objects of canonical shapes such as spherical multilayered bodies where the T-matrix method is reduced to the Mie series making the method an interesting alternative in the design of implantable antennas or exposure evaluations. Method performance is tested on a spherical multilayer model of the human head. Along with the hybrid method, an evaluation of the transition matrix of an arbitrarily shaped object is presented and the characteristic mode decomposition is performed, exhibiting fourfold numerical precision compared to conventional approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the mixed boundary inverse scattering problem (ISP), conducting and dielectric scatterers coexist in the same region, which challenges the present quantitative inverse scattering methods. Moreover, to ensure the incident waves penetrating the lossy or high-contrast objects, lower wavelength is applied in most inverse scattering applications. Therefore, methods with wavelength or subwavelength resolution are required for the mixed boundary ISP. In this article, we devise a quantitative inversion scheme alternately updating the contrast of dielectric scatterers and the T-matrix of conducting scatterers. The proposed alternate parameter updating method (APUM) avoids the reconstruction deterioration from both the large imaginary parts of conducting contrasts and the limited expansion order of the T-matrix. Then, we further improve the resolution of the APUM by optimizing the incident fields, which is also a regularization strategy. In particular, we design superoscillatory incident fields to quantitatively converse the high spatial spectrum of objects into low spectrum contrast sources, which can retain the high-frequency information of objects in the low-passband of the Green function. The results with synthetic data and single-frequency Fresnel experimental data verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, scattering from impedance bodies positioned at the edge of a perfectly electrically conducting wedge is investigated. In the treatment of the problem, eigenfunction expansion in terms of spherical vector wave functions is employed. A complete dyadic Green's function for the spherical impedance boss at the edge is developed. It is observed that the scattering is highly enhanced by the edge guided waves. Additionally, using T-matrix method, the solution is extended to the general case of irregularly shaped scatterers. The T-matrix solution is verified by applying it to the case of a spherical scatterer and results are compared with the dyadic Green's function solution. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

We present an explicit and numerically exact method for determining the T matrix of an arbitrarily shaped PEC object directly from a MoM impedance matrix that is generated with the Rao-Wilton-Glisson basis function for use in multiple-scattering calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A T-matrix method is proposed to solve the mixed boundary inverse scattering problem, i.e., perfect electric conductors (PEC) and dielectric scatterers are simultaneously reconstructed under the two-dimensional transverse magnetic (TM) illumination setting. Both the dipole and monopole elements of the T-matrix are chosen to accurately describe the scattering behavior of the mixed boundary problem. Criteria of utilizing the monopole element of T-matrix to distinguish the PEC from dielectric scatterers are presented. Apart from synthetic data, the experimental data from Fresnel dataset is also used to verify the validity of the proposed method, showing that it works well in sub-wavelength setting and is quite robust against noise. The pros and cons of the proposed T-matrix method are further discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Translation is a degree of freedom used in the analysis of random media scattering. An analytical method is presented for rotational degree of freedom in such problems. Vector addition theorem for rotation of a vector spherical wave with zero divergence has been proved through the use of a vector rotation operator. The relation between T-matrices for an object in two different concentric coordinate systems is formulated by applying the addition theorem. The relationship between the two coordinate systems is also shown by Euler angles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A semi-analytical approach for analyzing two-dimensional electromagnetic scattering by layered cylindrical arrays of circular rods periodically distributed along concentrically layered circular rings is presented. The method uses the T-matrix of a circular rod in isolation, the reflection and transmission matrices of a cylindrical array expressed in terms of the cylindrical harmonic waves as the basis and the generalized reflection and transmission matrices for a layered cylindrical structure. Using the method, the scattering of plane waves impinging on the cylindrical arrays from the exterior region and the radiation from a line source located inside the cylindrical arrays are numerically investigated. Numerical examples demonstrate that the layered cylindrical arrays are effective for forming a directed beam in the scattered and radiated fields. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Antenna models relating voltage excitations to radiated fields are an important part of any electromagnetic measurement, with applications ranging from two-way communication systems to full-wave inverse scattering. Here, we derive a two-antenna model relating the multipole expansion of the fields radiated and received by antennas to S-parameter measurements between them. We also show how to determine the antenna model parameters from numerical simulation and how to include single-path scattering of near-by objects from their T-matrices. Finally, we validate the model experimentally using two rectangular waveguide apertures. This model is based on the source-scattering matrix used in near-field single-antenna measurements, where we have developed it for direct S-parameter measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A solution to scattering from a cylinder buried arbitrarily in layered media with rough interfaces based on extended boundary condition method (EBCM) and scattering matrix technique is developed. The reflection and transmission matrices of arbitrary rough interfaces as well as an isolated single cylinder are constructed using EBCM and recursive T-matrix algorithm, respectively. The cylinder/rough surface interactions are taken into account by applying the generalized scattering matrix technique. The scattering matrix technique is used to cascade reflection and transmission matrices from individual systems (i.e., rough surfaces or cylinders) in order to obtain the scattering pattern from the overall system. Bistatic scattering coefficients are then obtained by incoherently averaging the power computed from the resulting Floquet modes of the overall system. In numerical simulations, the bistatic scattering coefficients are first validated by comparing the simulation results with the existing solutions which are the limiting cases including scattering from two-interface rough surfaces without any buried object and from a buried cylinder beneath a single rough surface. Subsequently, the numerical simulations of scattering from a buried cylinder in layered rough surfaces are performed to investigate the relative importance and sensitivity of various physical parameters of layered rough surfaces to incoherent scattering coefficients. Results show layered rough interfaces can significantly alter the scattering behaviors of a buried cylinder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Provides information on a study which presented a full wave method for determining the effective permittivity for random media in three dimensions. Advantages of T-matrix method; Limitations of the recursive T-matrix algorithm; Dependence on volume fraction and particle size.

Presents a T-matrix algorithm for the calculation of the scattered field from a heterogenous collection of spatially separated objects. Basis for the algorithm method; Objects where the algorithm is beneficial to use; Development of a near-field calculation approach.