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Householder transform is employed for obtaining a ground plane circular synthetic aperture radar (CSAR) signal phase history. The approach is shown to highly improve the error bounds and stability of the process.

A survey of the advances in design techniques for residual vector quantization (RVQ) and encoder and decoder codebooks is given. A residual quantizer based on the scalar version of RVQ performs well in generalized embedded wavelet transform coding systems. The encoder has a variable block rate coder and a rate control mechanism. The control mechanism is similar to the rate-distortion bound analyses of Gaussian sources with memory.

The entropy-constrained residual vector quantization design algorithm is a suitable technique in designing codebooks for image coding. The technique is superior to entropy-constrained vector quantization and JPEG in terms of rate-distortion characteristics, memory and computation necessities. Suitable image reproduction quality can be obtained at low bit rates.