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An $(r, \delta)$ -locally repairable code ($(r, \delta)$ -LRC for short) was introduced by Prakash et al. for tolerating multiple failed nodes in distributed storage systems, which was a generalization of the concept of $r$ -LRCs produced by Gopalan et al.. An $(r, \delta)$ -LRC is said to be optimal if it achieves the Singleton-like bound. Recently, Chen et al. generalized the construction of cyclic $r$ -LRCs proposed by Tamo et al. , and constructed several classes of optimal $(r, \delta)$ -LRCs of length $n$ for $n\, |\, (q-1)$ or $n\,|\, (q+1)$ , respectively in terms of a union of the set of zeros controlling the minimum distance and the set of zeros ensuring the locality. Following the work of , , this paper first characterizes $(r, \delta)$ -locality of a cyclic code via its zeros. Then we construct several classes of optimal cyclic $(r, \delta)$ -LRCs of length $n$ for $n\, |\, (q-1)$ or $n\,|\, (q+1)$ , respectively from the product of two sets of zeros. Our constructions include all optimal cyclic $(r,\delta)$ -LRCs proposed in , , and our method seems more convenient to obtain optimal cyclic $(r, \delta)$ -LRCs with flexible parameters. Moreover, many optimal cyclic $(r,\delta)$ -LRCs of length $n$ for $n\, |\, (q-1)$ or $n\,|\, (q+1)$ , respectively with $(r+\delta -1)\nmid n$ can be obtained from our method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tang and Ding [IEEE IT 67 (2021) 244-254] studied the class of BCH codes $\mathcal {C}_{(q,q+1,4,1)}$ and their dual codes with $q=2^{m}$ and established that the codewords of the minimum (or the second minimum) weight in these codes support 4-designs or 3-designs. Motivated by this, we further investigate the codewords of the next adjacent weight in such codes and discover more infinite classes of $t$ -designs with $t=3,4$. In particular, we prove that codewords of weight 7 in $\mathcal {C}_{(q,q+1,4,1)}$ support 4-designs for odd $m \geqslant 5$ and they support 3-designs for even $m \geqslant 4$ , which provide infinite classes of simple $t$ -designs with new parameters. Another significant class of $t$ -designs we produce in this paper has complementary designs with parameters 4- $(2^{2s+1}+ 1,5,5)$ ; these designs have the smallest index among all the known simple 4- $(q+1,5,\lambda)$ designs derived from codes for prime powers $q$ ; and they are further proved to be isomorphic to the 4-designs admitting the projective general linear group PGL $(2,2^{2s+1})$ as the automorphism group constructed by Alltop in 1969. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High peak values of transmission signals in wireless communication systems lead to wasteful energy consumption and degradation of several transmission performances. We continue the theoretical contributions made by Boche and Farell toward the understanding of peak value reduction, using the strategy known as tone reservation for orthogonal transmission schemes. There it was shown that for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems, the combinatorial object called arithmetic progression plays an important role in setting limitations for the applicability of the tone reservation method. In this paper, we show that the combinatorial object introduced as perfect Walsh sum (PWS) plays a similar role for code-division multiple access (CDMA) systems as arithmetic progression for OFDM systems. By specific construction, we show that for a chosen numbers $m$ and $n$ , all subsets $\mathcal {I} $ of the set $[N]$ of the first $N=2^{n}$ natural numbers, which has the density in $[N]$ larger than a given $\delta \in (0,1)$ , i.e., $\left |{ \mathcal {I} }\right |/N\geq \delta $ , and which is sufficiently large enough, in the sense that $\left |{ I }\right |\geq 2(2/\delta)^{2^{m}-1}$ , contains a PWS of size $2^{m}$. By means of this result, and motivated by the previously mentioned connection between arithmetic progression and PWS, we show results for the PWS which are analogous to the famous Szemerédi theorem on arithmetic progressions, Conlon-Gower’s theorem on probabilistic construction of “sparse” sets containing an arithmetic progression, and even a solution of an analogon to the Erdős’ conjecture on arithmetic progressions. Those results give in particular an insight into the asymptotic limitations of tone reservation method for the CDMA systems. Besides, we show that a subset $I$ of $[N]$ is a PWS if and only if the embedding inequality of the subspace of $L^{1}([{0,1}])$ , containing linear combinations of Walsh functions indexed by elements of $\mathcal {I} $ , holds with the minimum possible embedding constant $\sqrt { \left |{ \mathcal {I} }\right |}$. The corresponding approach based in particular by the fact that the PWSs are the only Walsh sums having unit $L^{1}$ -norm, proven in this paper. By means of that results, we show that the minimum possible threshold constant for which the tone reservation method is applicable yields $\sqrt { \left |{ \mathcal {I} }\right |}$ if and only if the information set $\mathcal {I} $ is a PWS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A k-plex of order n is an ${n} \times {n}$ matrix on n symbols, where every row contains k distinct symbols, every column contains k distinct symbols, and every symbol occurs exactly k times. Yi et al. (2019) introduced 3-plex codes which are 2-erasure codes (2-erasure tolerant array codes) derived from 3-plexes. In this paper, we generalize 3-plex codes to k-plex codes. We introduce the notion of a “strong” k-plex which implies the derived k-plex code is 2-erasure tolerant. Moreover, k-plex codes derived from strong $k$ -plexes have a straightforward algorithm for reconstruction. These general k-plex codes offer greater flexibility when choosing a suitable code for a storage system, enabling the operator to better optimize the unavoidable trade-offs involved. Blackburn asked for the maximum number of entries in an ${n} \times {n}$ partial Latin square on n symbols in which if distinct cells $({i},{j})$ and $({i}',{j}')$ contain the same symbol, then the cells $({i}',{j})$ and $({i},{j}')$ are empty. A “strong” k-plex satisfies the Blackburn property (along with two other properties related to erasure coding). We investigate the necessary conditions for the existence of Blackburn k-plexes (and hence necessary conditions for the existence of strong k-plexes). We show that any Blackburn k-plex has order ${n} \geq \lceil (\sqrt {2}+1){k}-2 \rceil $. We describe how to construct strong k-plexes of order n when $k \in \{2,3,4,5\}$ for all possible orders n, and we give a simple construction of strong k-plexes of order ${k}^{2}$ for $k \geq 2$. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we generalize constructions in two recent works of Ding, Heng, and Zhou to any field $\mathbb {F}_{{q}}$ , ${q}$ odd, providing infinite families of minimal codes for which the Ashikhmin–Barg bound does not hold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we provide two complementary results for cyclic codes of composite length. First, we give a general construction of cyclic codes of length nr from cyclic codes of length n and a lower bound on the minimum distance. Numerical data show that many cyclic codes of composite length with the best parameters can be obtained in this way. Second, in the other direction, we show that for cyclic codes of length n with a primitive n-th root of unity as a non-zero, the minimum distance is roughly bounded by the square-free part of n. This means that we shall not expect good cyclic codes of length n in general if, for example, the length n is divisible by a high power of a prime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Eurocrypt’18, Cid et al. proposed a new cryptanalysis tool called Boomerang Connectivity Table (BCT), to evaluate S-boxes of block ciphers. Later, Boura and Canteaut further investigated the new parameter Boomerang uniformity for cryptographic S-boxes. It is of great interest to find new S-boxes with low Boomerang uniformity for even dimensions. In this paper, we prove that a class of permutation quadrinomials over $\mathbb {F}_{2^{2m}}$ with $m$ odd has Boomerang uniformity four, which gives the fifth class of such kind of permutation polynomials. Further, the occurrences of 0 and 4 in the BCTs of the investigated permutation polynomials are also completely determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we construct several classes of maximum distance separable (MDS) codes via generalized Reed-Solomon (GRS) codes and extended GRS codes, where we can determine the dimensions of their Euclidean hulls or Hermitian hulls. It turns out that the dimensions of Euclidean hulls or Hermitian hulls of the codes in our constructions can take all or almost all possible values. As a consequence, we can apply our results to entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting codes (EAQECCs) and obtain several new families of MDS EAQECCs with flexible parameters. The required number of maximally entangled states of these MDS EAQECCs can take all or almost all possible values. Moreover, several new classes of q-ary MDS EAQECCs of length $ {n} > {q}+1$ are also obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An involution over finite fields is a permutation polynomial whose inverse is itself. Owing to this property, involutions over finite fields have been widely used in applications, such as cryptography and coding theory. Following the idea by Wang to characterize the involutory behavior of the generalized cyclotomic mappings, this paper gives a more concise criterion for $x^{r}h(x^{s})\in {\mathbb F} _{q}[x]$ being involutions over the finite field ${\mathbb F}_{q}$ , where $r\geq 1$ and $s\,|\, (q-1)$. By using this criterion, we propose a general method to construct involutions of the form $x^{r}h(x^{s})$ over ${\mathbb F}_{q}$ from given involutions over some subgroups of ${\mathbb F}_{q}^{*}$ by solving congruent and linear equations over finite fields. Then, many classes of explicit involutions of the form $x^{r}h(x^{s})$ over ${\mathbb F}_{q}$ are obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Constacyclic codes which generalize the classical cyclic codes have played important roles in recent constructions of many new quantum maximum distance separable (MDS) codes. However, the mathematical mechanism may not have been fully understood. In this paper, we use pseudo-cyclic codes, which is a further generalization of constacyclic codes, to construct the quantum MDS codes. We can not only provide a unified explanation of many previous constructions, but also produce some new quantum MDS codes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New lower bounds on the covering radius for different subclasses of irreducible Goppa codes are obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let $p$ be a prime number and $q=p^{s}$ for a positive integer $s$. For any positive divisor $e$ of $q-1$ , we construct infinite families of codes $\mathcal {C}$ of size $q^{2m}$ with few Lee-weight. These codes are defined as trace codes over the ring $R= \mathbb {F}_{q} + u \mathbb {F}_{q}$ , $u^{2} = 0$. Using Gaussian sums, their Lee weight distributions are provided. In particular, when $\gcd (e,m)=1$ , under the Gray map, the images of all codes in $\mathcal {C}$ are of two-weight over the finite field $\mathbb {F}_{q}$ , which meet the Griesmer bound. Moreover, when $\gcd (e,m)=2, 3$ , or 4, all codes in $\mathcal {C}$ are of most five-weight codes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We prove that the covering radius of the Melas code $M(m,q)$ of length $n=q^{m}-1$ over $\mathbb {F}_{q}$ is 2 if $q > 3$. We also prove that the covering radius of $M(m,3)$ is 3 is $m \ge 3$ , the covering radius of $M(2,3)$ is 4, and the covering radii of $M(1,2)$ and $M(1,3)$ are 1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Permutation polynomials and their compositional inverses have wide applications in cryptography, coding theory, and combinatorial designs. Motivated by several previous results on finding compositional inverses of permutation polynomials of different forms, we propose a general method for finding these inverses of permutation polynomials constructed by the AGW criterion. As a result, we have reduced the problem of finding the compositional inverse of such a permutation polynomial over a finite field to that of finding the inverse of a bijection over a smaller set. We demonstrate our method by interpreting several recent known results, as well as by providing new explicit results on more classes of permutation polynomials in different types. In addition, we give new criteria for these permutation polynomials being involutions. Explicit constructions are also provided for all involutory criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let Rq(r,n) be the rth order q-ary Reed-Muller code of length qn, which is the set of functions from Fqn to Fq represented by polynomials of degree ≤ r in Fq[X1, . . . , Xn]. The affine linear group AGL(n,Fq) acts naturally on Rq(r,n). We derive two formulas concerning the number of orbits of this action: (i) an explicit formula for the number of AGL orbits of Rq(n(q−1),n), and (ii) an asymptotic formula for the number of AGL orbits of R2(n,n)/R2(1,n). The number of AGL orbits of R2(n,n) has been numerically computed by several authors for n ≤ 31; the binary case of result (i) is a theoretic solution to the question. Result (ii) answers a question by MacWilliams and Sloane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently pomset metric was introduced to accommodate Lee metric, thereby generalizing poset metrics for codes over $\mathbb {Z}_{{m}}$. This work mainly studies results on Maximum distance separable (MDS) pomset codes and perfect codes over $\mathbb {Z}_{{m}}$. If I is an ideal in a poset, the concept of I-perfect codes that was introduced to study MDS poset codes is now extended to the study of MDS pomset codes as well. But, unlike the ideals in posets, here the ideals in pomsets are considered as those with full count and those with partial count. In fact, the I-balls are no more linear when the ideal I is with partial count. This makes the investigation of the relationship of I-perfect codes with MDS pomset codes little different from that with MDS poset codes. We thoroughly study the I-balls where I is with partial count. Singleton type bound is established for codes with pomset metric and the connection of MDS codes with I-perfect codes is investigated upon. Then, we prove the duality theorem for codes with chain pomset. Finally, we determine the weight distribution of MDS pomset codes when the pomset is a chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study ${q}$ -ary linear codes ${C}$ obtained from Veronese surfaces over finite fields. We show how one can find the higher weight spectra of these codes, or equivalently, the weight distribution of all extension codes of ${C}$ over all field extensions of $\mathbb {F}_{q}$. Our methods will be a study of the Stanley-Reisner rings of a series of matroids associated to each code ${C}$. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We solve the problem of existence of perfect codes in the Doob graph. It is shown that 1-perfect codes in the Doob graph $ {D(m,n)}$ exist if and only if $6 {m}+3 {n}+1$ is a power of 2; that is, if the size of a 1-ball divides the number of vertices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]