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An innovative method for fast analysis of geometrical variations in electromagnetic wave problems is proposed. The method is based on a perturbative approach applied to the solution of the linear integro-differential operator of the electromagnetic problem in presence of small domain modifications. This approach has been embedded in a classical finite-element framework to achieve a very fast technique for field evaluation in synthesis or tolerance investigation of microwave passive devices. The proposed technique can handle geometrical variations without the need of re-meshing the domain and without any deformation of the original mesh of the problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A hybrid finite-element-modal-expansion procedure for the three-dimensional analysis of passive microwave devices exploiting higher order vector basis functions and an innovative class of curved elements is presented. If modal expansions on ports are not analytically known, they can be numerically obtained via a preliminary two-and-one-half-dimensional finite-element analysis; curved triangular and tetrahedrical elements are defined by a rational Bézier mapping, which provides a remarkable increase in accuracy and flexibility over the conventional polynomial mapping without a significant increase in computational burden. Numerical results are provided to illustrate the efficiency and feasibility of the proposed technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]