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Error-correcting output coding (ECOC) is one of the most widely used strategies for dealing with multi-class problems by decomposing the original multi-class problem into a series of binary sub-problems. In traditional ECOC-based methods, binary classifiers corresponding to those sub-problems are usually trained separately without considering the relationships among these classifiers. However, as these classifiers are established on the same training data, there may be some inherent relationships among them. Exploiting such relationships can potentially improve the generalization performances of individual classifiers, and, thus, boost ECOC learning algorithms. In this paper, we explore to mine and utilize such relationship through a joint classifier learning method, by integrating the training of binary classifiers and the learning of the relationship among them into a unified objective function. We also develop an efficient alternating optimization algorithm to solve the objective function. To evaluate the proposed method, we perform a series of experiments on eleven datasets from the UCI machine learning repository as well as two datasets from real-world image recognition tasks. The experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method, compared with state-of-the-art methods for ECOC-based multi-class classification. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]