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This paper treats the problems of the particle-in-cell (PIC) models at higher pressures. We discuss the influence of the time discretization on the results of a model of a highly collisional plasma using a simplified analytical model. A new algorithm is proposed that calculates the collisions independently of the simulation time step, thus eliminating the errors introduced by the time discretization. The benchmarks at the pressure of the neutral gas of 665 Pa show that the presented algorithm is approximately seven times faster than a classical PIC model with the same accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a numerical simulation was carried out to analyze the effect of diffusion charging on collection efficiency of a wire-plate electrostatic precipitator (ESP). The gas flow field, the electric field, and the particle field with diffusion charging considered were included in the numerical model, which was implemented by using the commercial FLUENT software. Collection efficiency was calculated by using the Deutsch–Anderson equation, in which the parameters were provided from the numerical solutions. The simulated results indicate that the effect of diffusion charging on the wire-plate ESP particle collection increases with the decreasing particle diameter, as well as applied potential, particularly for PM10. Moreover, with the increasing applied potential, collection efficiency of PM10 is obviously improved, and the effect extent first increases and then decreases with particle size increasing, but also, the size range of particle, which is significantly affected by the diffusion charging, becomes smaller. As gas velocity becomes higher, the effect of diffusion charging on grade efficiency also becomes more obvious, and the affected range of particle size gets much larger, however, at the price of grade efficiency decreasing. Using collection efficiency as reference variable of judgment, instead of particle charge, may lead to a more accurate estimation of the aforementioned size range, which can provide a great help in the further analysis of fine particle collection. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper presents for the first time the transient simulation of the 3-D \TE34, 19 mode converter with surface deformation. The simulation results were obtained by solving the Maxwell equations directly on a 3-D domain with a discontinuous Galerkin method. The presented full-wave simulation was possible only through the use of an advanced highly scalable numerical method operating on a large-scale high-performance computing system. Moreover, the properties of the Maxwell solver with respect to accuracy and computation time are discussed for the application to a smooth-wall \TE34, 19 waveguide where an analytical solution is available. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A new algorithm was developed, which reduces the self-force in particle-in-cell codes on unstructured meshes in a predictable and controllable way. This is accomplished by computing a charge density weighting function for a particle, which reproduces the Green's function solution to Poisson's equation at nodes when using a standard finite element method methodology. This provides a superior local potential and allows for particle–particle particle-mesh techniques to be used to subtract off local force contributions, including fictitious self-forces resulting in accurate long-range forces on a particle and improved local Coulomb collisions. Local physical forces are then computed using the Green's function on local particle pairs and added to the long-range forces. Results were shown with up to five orders reduction in self-force and superior intraparticle forces for two test cases. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

We investigated the microplasma that is generated in a plasma display pixel with an auxiliary electrode by using numerical simulation. In particular, the effect of the auxiliary electrode on the efficacy of the plasma display was analyzed. The voltage of the sustain electrode was changed from 190 to 230 V, and the voltage of the auxiliary electrode was changed from 0 to 40 V. As the voltage of the auxiliary electrode increased at a given sustain voltage, the discharge current decreased, and the delay time of the discharge increased. The average density of the charged particles and the Xe excited species showed a tendency identical to that of the discharge current. The vacuum ultraviolet output and the electrical power decreased, and the luminous efficacy increased as the voltage of the auxiliary electrode increased. In the case of Xe excitation efficacy, the peak value in the auxiliary period increased as the voltage of the auxiliary electrode increased, whereas the peak value in the sustain period was shown to be comparable to the variance of the voltage of the auxiliary electrode. The infrared intensity increased as the voltages of the sustain and auxiliary electrodes increased. In order to verify the effect of the auxiliary electrode, the time–spatial distributions of the electrons and excited species were also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]