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A 2×25-kV 50 Hz traction power system was analyzed and modeled in the time domain in order to simulate short-circuit conditions and to attain a practical method to identify the short circuit behavior of the traction system. In particular, due to the difficulty in assessing the track-line parameters which mainly depend on changing environmental conditions, the possibility of neglecting the capacitive parameters was analyzed. A complete model of the 2×25-kV 50 Hz traction power system was developed and validated through comparison with the results of referenced models and experimental tests performed on real systems. Simulations, addressed to reduce the short-circuit modeling complexity, demonstrate that neglecting the capacitive effects between conductors and to ground does not affect the calculation accuracy for standard analyses. The obtained results show that the proposed model can be remarkably useful for the traction system design as well as for investigating the effects of short-circuit conditions on other circuits, such as telecom circuits, power-supply equipment, and signaling track circuits.