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This article investigates global exponential stabilization (GES) of Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy memristive neural networks with multiple time-varying delays (DFMNNs) via intermittent control strategy. By resorting to differential inclusion theory, comparison means, and inequality techniques, some results are developed to ensure GES of the underlying DFMNNs via a fuzzy intermittent state feedback control law within the sense of Filippov. The outcome is generalized to GES of FMNNs with infinite distributed time delays. Additionally, the global exponential stability of FMNNs with discrete time-varying delays is explored in terms of 1-norm. The derived conditions herein contain certain existing ones as special cases. Finally, three examples are presented to illuminate the validness of the outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates hardware implementation of hierarchical temporal memory (HTM), a brain-inspired machine learning algorithm that mimics the key functions of the neocortex and is applicable to many machine learning tasks. Spatial pooler (SP) is one of the main parts of HTM, designed to learn the spatial information and obtain the sparse distributed representations (SDRs) of input patterns. The other part is temporal memory (TM) which aims to learn the temporal information of inputs. The memristor, which is an appropriate synapse emulator for neuromorphic systems, can be used as the synapse in SP and TM circuits. In this article, a memristor-based SP (MSP) circuit structure is designed to accelerate the execution of the SP algorithm. The presented MSP has properties of modeling both the synaptic permanence and the synaptic connection state within a single synapse, and on-device and parallel learning. Simulation results of statistic metrics and classification tasks on several real-world datasets substantiate the validity of MSP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the quasi-synchronization of delayed memristive neural networks (MNNs) via a novel hybrid impulsive control algorithm which combines time-triggered and event-triggered impulsive control. The relationship between a predesigned non-negative auxiliary function and a given exponentially decreasing threshold function is used to describe the switching. Under this novel controller, sufficient conditions for the quasi-synchronization are derived by the impulsive differential inequality. In addition, by choosing appropriate parameters or initial conditions such that the initial value of the non-negative auxiliary function is less than that of the event-triggered function, the quasi-synchronization can be realized theoretically as long as the event-triggered impulsive intensity is less than 1. This greatly reduces the conservatism of the existing quasi-synchronization results. Furthermore, the event-triggered rules can avoid the Zeno behavior as long as the event-triggered impulsive intensity is less than 1. This hybrid mechanism can reduce the amount of impulsive control and lessen the network communication. Finally, one example is given to illustrate the validness of the obtained results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a complete solution for the hardware design of a memristor-based long short-term memory (MLSTM) network. Throughout the design process, we fully consider the external and internal structures of the long short-term memory (LSTM), both of which are efficiently implemented by memristor crossbars. In the specific design of the internal structure, the parameter sharing mechanism is used between the LSTM cells to minimize the hardware design scale. In particular, we designed a circuit that requires only one memristor crossbar for each unit in the LSTM cell. The activation function, including sigmoid and tanh (hyperbolic tangent function), involved in each unit is approximated by a piecewise function, which is designed with the corresponding hardware. To verify the effectiveness of the system we designed, we test it on IMDB and SemEval datasets. Considering the huge impact of the dimensions of the input data on the scale of the hardware design, we use word2vector instead of one-hot encoding for the input data encoding. With the parameter sharing mechanism, the transformed vectors are input in different periods, so only 65 memristive crossbars are needed in the entire system to complete the sentiment analysis of the input text. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of our proposed MLSTM system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a unified framework to design sliding-mode control for stabilization of delayed memristive neural networks (DMNNs) with external disturbances. Under the presented framework, finite-time stabilization, and fixed-time stabilization of the controlled DMNNs can be, respectively, obtained by choosing different values for a specific control parameter. It is proved that the system responses can be made reaching the designed sliding-mode surface in finite and fixed time, and then stay on it. Moreover, it also illustrates that the inevitable external disturbances can be rejected by the designed sliding-mode control. Finally, the efficiency and superiority of the obtained main results are verified by comparisons with related works and numerical simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a novel computational architecture of memristor-based echo state network (MESN) with the online least mean square (LMS) algorithm. Newman and Watts small-world network is adopted for the topological structure of MESN network with memristive neural synapses. In the MESN network, the state matrix of the reservoir layer, which is obtained by raising the dimension of input data, is utilized as an input of the LMS algorithm to train the output weight matrix on chip. After certain iterations, the resistance value of memristor is adjusted to a constant. Thus, the final weight output matrix is obtained. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed MESN network, car evaluation and short-term power load forecasting are employed with the effect evaluation of the node number and the connectivity degree of the reservoir layer. The research provides a novel way to design neuromorphic computing systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existing results of passivity for neural networks mainly concentrated on first-order derivative of the states, whereas it is also significant to study the passivity with high-order derivative. In this paper, a class of memristor-based inertial neural networks (MINNs) with external inputs and outputs are concerned. First, by choosing appropriate variable transformation, the original networks are rewritten as first-order differential equations. Then a criterion of passivity for the MINNs is presented by nonsmooth analysis and linear matrix inequality (LMI) techniques, which could also result in NP-hard problem since it needs at least exponential-time to solve the passivity condition. Meanwhile, based on the obtained passivity criterion, asymptotic stability criterion is accordingly derived for MINNs. In order to avoid the NP-hard problem, we employ matrix-analysis-techniques with the property that the difference-matrix between the given matrix and the proposed matrix is seminegative definite. Then the time complexity for solving the proposed passivity criterion is reduced to constant-time with respect to the number of LMIs. Robust passivity for MINNs is also studied for bounded uncertain parameters. The MINN widens the application ranges for designing neural networks. Finally, relevant simulation examples are given to show the effectiveness of the obtained results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]