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In today's hybrid or fully electric vehicles, two types of propulsion machines can mainly be found: induction machines (IM) and interior permanent magnet synchronous machines. They are highly utilized and operated in magnetic saturation regions where inductance parameters change nonlinearly. The energy efficiency of both drives depends strongly on the choice of reference currents within field-oriented control. The paper shows two approaches for the determination of well-adjusted current components for both machines. First, model-based optimization is performed. It uses machine models considering saturation and loss models including the inverter. Second, a newly developed online-optimization scheme based on a discrete search method is presented. Simulation results show its advantages over recently published solutions for both machine types. Finally, experimental results at a drive test bench are presented. They prove the fast convergence and correct function of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes active fault-tolerant control systems for a high-performance induction-motor drive that propels an electrical vehicle (EV) or a hybrid one (HEV). The proposed systems adaptively reorganize themselves in the event of sensor loss or sensor recovery to sustain the best control performance, given the complement of remaining sensors. Moreover, the developed systems take into account the controller-transition smoothness, in terms of speed and torque transients. The two proposed fault-tolerant control strategies have been simulated on a 4-kW induction-motor drive, and speed and torque responses have been carried to evaluate the consistency and the performance of the proposed approaches. Simulation results, in terms of speed and torque responses, show the global effectiveness of the proposed approaches, particularly the one based on modern and intelligent control techniques in terms of speed and torque smoothness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a fault-tolerant control system for a high performance induction motor drive that propels an electrical vehicle (EV) or hybrid electric vehicle (11EV). In the proposed control scheme, the developed system takes into account the controller transition smoothness in the event of sensor failure. Moreover, due to the EV or HEV requirements for sensorless operations, a practical sensorless control scheme is developed and used within the proposed fault-tolerant control system. This requires the presence of an adaptive flux observer The speed estimator is based on the approximation of the magnetic char acteristic slope of the induction motor to the mutual inductance value. Simulation results, in terms of speed and torque responses, show the effectiveness of the proposed approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]