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Hydroxyapatite (HA, (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) is a widely studied bioceramic due to its biocompatibility, bioactivity, and chemical similarity to the mineral component of bone. Generally, hydroxyapatite can be made from several natural and synthetic sources. The objective of this study is to prepare hydroxyapatite powders from different precursors (natural or chemical). Hydroxyapatite was synthetized by co-precipitation method, the chemical precursors of which are [Ca(NO3)2.4H2O, (NH4)2HPO4] and the natural source was bovine bone. Bovine hydroxyapatite (BHA) was extracted from the bovine bone bio-waste via thermal method and milling process. Synthesized HA (SHA) was prepared by co-precipitation method with the pH 10.0 of mother liquor. The prepared powders were characterized using various analytical techniques such as XRD, FTIR spectroscopy, thermogravimetry (TG), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). These techniques provide information about the structural, chemical, morphological and physicochemical of each of the prepared powders. The use of co-precipitation method produced a low crystallinity of HA while the thermal method increased crystallinity. On the other hand, the results showed that the Ca / P ratio of synthetic hydroxyapatite (SHA) as well as that of bovine bone source (BHA) was also stoichiometric. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydroxyapatite is the inorganic material with formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2. It is one of bioceramic was used for one repairs, fixing defects of filing voids in biomedical fields. The use of chicken eggshell is one of the natural sources to obtain the calcium phosphate compounds. The main objective of this study is to synthesize the hydroxyapatite by precipitation method from eggshell. The raw eggshell was calcined at 850°C for 2 hours following by grinding for 16 hours. The HA powder was synthesized by wet chemical method, using eggshells and phosphoric acid (H3PO4). Xray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the morphology, composition and distribution of the particles. The Thermos gravimetric analysis (TGA-DTA) was also carried out to evaluate the stability of the synthesized HA powder. The particle-size distribution (PSD) of the powder was determined by the laser scattering particle size distribution analyzer. The results showed that the sintered at 1000°C of HA powder resembles the feature of pure and single apatite phase having favorable Ca/P ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]