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To mitigate the shortcomings of existing medical image encryption algorithms, including a lack of anti‐tampering methods and security, this report presents an anti‐tampering encryption algorithm for medical images that is based on a self‐verification matrix. First, chaotic coordinates generated by chaos are used to traverse all pixels in a plain image to generate a two‐dimensional matrix (a self‐verification matrix) with positioning information. The accurate location of illegally altered image pixels can be detected using the self‐verification matrix. To improve the security of the self‐authentication matrix, DNA coding is also applied to the self‐authentication matrix, and the plain image is also diffused statically to destroy the pixel distribution. Next, the scrambled image and self‐verification matrix are mixed and cross‐scrambled. Finally, the fused image is diffused dynamically to improve the security of the encrypted image. Experimental simulation and performance analysis show that the algorithm achieves good encryption effectiveness, provides strong anti‐tampering capabilities, and can accurately locate at least 4 pixels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]