Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the archetypal pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) envisioned by as innate sensors of pathogen attack and host triggers of an adaptive immune response. Two recent papers () reveal the distinctive architecture of a TLR sensor domain and hint at how this structural design facilitates the recognition of a wide array of pathogen molecules. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
T follicular helper (Tfh) cells help B cells to generate affinity-matured antibodies. Three papers in this issue of Immunity () provide information about the reciprocal relationship between B cells and Tfh cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Two recent Immunity papers link peripheral tolerance with the ability of developing B cells to capture BAFF. These findings suggest that an increase in effective BAFF levels leads to autoreactive B cell maturation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]