6 results on '"Hirokawa K"'
Search Results
2. Characterization of intermediate T-cell receptor cells expanding in the liver, thymus and other organs in autoimmune <em>lpr</em> mice: parallel analysis with their normal counterparts.
- Author
-
Iiai, T., Kimura, M., Kawachi, Y., Hirokawa, K., Watanabe, H., Hatakeyama, K., and Abo, T.
- Subjects
T cells ,LYMPHOCYTES ,CELL receptors ,AUTOIMMUNE diseases ,LABORATORY mice ,CELL differentiation - Abstract
Autoimmune MRL-lpr/lpr (lpr) mice were previously demonstrated to have an abnormal proliferation of intermediate T-cell receptor (TCR) cells of extrathymic origin in the liver. Despite this situation, thymectomy in lpr mice resulted in amelioration of autoimmune disease. To understand the underlying mechanism, we investigated associated T-cell differentiation in the thymus and other organs of these mice. When the disease was evoked, T cells with extrathymic properties, i.e. intermediate TCR-αβ cells expressing double-negative (DN) CD4
- 8- phenotype and interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor β-chain, became prominent not only in the liver, but also in the thymus. Such thymic T cells mainly resided in the medulla. A small-scale localization of such T cells was seen in the thymic medulla even in normal control mice. There was a heterogeneity among intermediate TCR cells in terms of the composition of DN cells and the expression of CD2 and B220 antigens, depending on the organs and the sites in the same organ. Intermediate TCR cells in the liver, thymus and autoimmune target organs (e.g. kidney) contained a high proportion of the active form (CD2+ B220- ), while intermediate TCR cells accumulating in peripheral organs, the spleen and lymph nodes, were mainly of the inactive form (CD2- B220+ ). The active form had an ability to proliferate in response to IL-2 and SEB, whereas the inactive form did not. The present results suggest that the proliferation of intermediate TCR cells occur at multiple sites; this may explain the effect of thymectomy, namely, the retarded onset of disease, in lpr mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 1995
3. Ontogeny and development of extrathymic T cells in mouse liver.
- Author
-
Hai, T., Watanabe, H., Seki, S., Sugiura, K., Hirokawa, K., Utsuyama, M., Takahashi-Iwanaga, H., Iwanaga, T., Ohteki, T., and Abo, T.
- Subjects
LYMPHOCYTES ,ONTOGENY ,T cells ,INTERLEUKIN-2 ,THYMOL ,EMBRYOLOGY - Abstract
We previously demonstrated that the liver may be a major site of extrathymic T-cell differentiation in mice. In the present study, the ontogeny and subsequent development of such T cells in the liver and other organs were investigated. This study was possible because these T cells have T-cell receptors (TcR) of intermediate intensity (i.e. intermediate TcR cells) and constitutively express a high level of interleukin-2 receptor β chain (IL-2Rβl). Therefore the two-color staining for CD3 (or αβ TcR) and IL-2Rβ identifies even a small proportion of intermediate TcR cells. The total numbers of mononuclear cells obtained from the liver, thymus and spleen varied from foetal to adult life. Especially in the liver, many haematopoietic cells were present in the parenchymal space at the foetal stage. There were no lymphocytes in the sinusoidal lumen at this period. In contrast, lymphocytes appeared in the hepatic sinusoids after birth and increased with ageing. Phenotypic analysis revealed that intermediate TcR cells appeared in the liver and spleen on Day 4 after birth. Bright TcR cells of thymic origin were also present in the peripheral organs on Day 4. Thereafter, intermediate TcR cells increased in the liver, whereas bright TcR cells increased in the periphery as a function of age. Similarly, thymectomized and congenitally athymic mice had mainly intermediate TcR cells in the liver and, to some extent, periphery. It is concluded that intermediate TcR cells, possibly of extrathymic origin, are generated only after birth and expand with ageing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1992
4. Importance of gastrointestinal ingestion and macromolecular antigens in the vein for oral tolerance induction.
- Author
-
Wakabayashi A, Kumagai Y, Watari E, Shimizu M, Utsuyama M, Hirokawa K, and Takahashi H
- Subjects
- Adjuvants, Immunologic, Administration, Oral, Animals, Antigens blood, Antigens immunology, Cholera Toxin immunology, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay methods, Female, Gastrointestinal Tract immunology, Hypersensitivity, Delayed immunology, Immunity, Mucosal, Immunoglobulins biosynthesis, Injections, Intravenous, Macromolecular Substances immunology, Mice, Mice, Inbred Strains, Ovalbumin blood, Ovalbumin immunology, Portal Vein, Antigens administration & dosage, Immune Tolerance, Ovalbumin administration & dosage
- Abstract
Oral administration of a certain dose of antigen can generally induce immunological tolerance against the same antigen. In this study, we showed the temporal appearance of ovalbumin (OVA) antigens in both portal and peripheral blood of mice after the oral administration of OVA. Furthermore, we detected 45,000 MW OVA in mouse serum 30 min after the oral administration of OVA. Based on this observation, we examined whether the injection of intact OVA into the portal or peripheral vein induces immunological tolerance against OVA. We found that the intravenous injection of intact OVA did not induce immunological tolerance but rather enhanced OVA-specific antibody production in some subclasses, suggesting that OVA antigens via the gastrointestinal tract but not intact OVA may contribute to establish immunological tolerance against OVA. Therefore, we examined the effects of digesting intact OVA in the gastrointestinal tract on the induction of oral tolerance. When mice were orally administered or injected into various gastrointestinal organs, such as the stomach, duodenum, ileum, or colon and boosted with intact OVA, OVA-specific antibody production and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response were significantly enhanced in mice injected into the ileum or colon, compared with orally administered mice. These results suggest that although macromolecular OVA antigens are detected after oral administration of OVA in tolerant-mouse serum, injection of intact OVA cannot contribute to tolerance induction. Therefore, some modification of macromolecular OVA in the gastrointestinal tract and ingestion may be essential for oral tolerance induction.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Characterization of intermediate T-cell receptor cells expanding in the liver, thymus and other organs in autoimmune lpr mice: parallel analysis with their normal counterparts.
- Author
-
Iiai T, Kimura M, Kawachi Y, Hirokawa K, Watanabe H, Hatakeyama K, and Abo T
- Subjects
- Animals, CD3 Complex analysis, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes immunology, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes immunology, Cell Division immunology, Kidney immunology, Lymphocyte Subsets immunology, Mice, Mice, Inbred Strains, Mice, Nude, Receptors, Interleukin-2 analysis, Spleen immunology, Autoimmune Diseases immunology, Liver immunology, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic immunology, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta analysis, Thymus Gland immunology
- Abstract
Autoimmune MRL-lpr/lpr (lpr) mice were previously demonstrated to have an abnormal proliferation of intermediate T-cell receptor (TCR) cells of extrathymic origin in the liver. Despite this situation, thymectomy in lpr mice resulted in amelioration of autoimmune disease. To understand the underlying mechanism, we investigated associated T-cell differentiation in the thymus and other organs of these mice. When the disease was evoked, T cells with extrathymic properties, i.e. intermediate TCR-alpha beta cells expressing double-negative (DN) CD4-8- phenotype and interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor beta-chain, became prominent not only in the liver, but also in the thymus. Such thymic T cells mainly resided in the medulla. A small-scale localization of such T cells was seen in the thymic medulla even in normal control mice. There was a heterogeneity among intermediate TCR cells in terms of the composition of DN cells and the expression of CD2 and B220 antigens, depending on the organs and the sites in the same organ. Intermediate TCR cells in the liver, thymus and autoimmune target organs (e.g. kidney) contained a high proportion of the active form (CD2+B220-), while intermediate TCR cells accumulating in peripheral organs, the spleen and lymph nodes, were mainly of the inactive form (CD2-B220+). The active form had an ability to proliferate in response to IL-2 and SEB, whereas the inactive form did not. The present results suggest that the proliferation of intermediate TCR cells occur at multiple sites; this may explain the effect of thymectomy, namely, the retarded onset of disease, in lpr mice.
- Published
- 1995
6. Ontogeny and development of extrathymic T cells in mouse liver.
- Author
-
Iiai T, Watanabe H, Seki S, Sugiura K, Hirokawa K, Utsuyama M, Takahashi-Iwanaga H, Iwanaga T, Ohteki T, and Abo T
- Subjects
- Aging immunology, Animals, Cell Differentiation immunology, Leukocyte Count, Liver ultrastructure, Mice, Mice, Inbred Strains, Mice, Nude, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell analysis, Spleen immunology, T-Lymphocytes immunology, Thymus Gland immunology, Liver immunology, T-Lymphocytes cytology
- Abstract
We previously demonstrated that the liver may be a major site of extrathymic T-cell differentiation in mice. In the present study, the ontogeny and subsequent development of such T cells in the liver and other organs were investigated. This study was possible because these T cells have T-cell receptors (TcR) of intermediate intensity (i.e. intermediate TcR cells) and constitutively express a high level of interleukin-2 receptor beta chain (IL-2R beta). Therefore the two-colour staining for CD3 (or alpha beta TcR) and IL-2R beta identifies even a small proportion of intermediate TcR cells. The total numbers of mononuclear cells obtained from the liver, thymus and spleen varied from foetal to adult life. Especially in the liver, many haematopoietic cells were present in the parenchymal space at the foetal stage. There were no lymphocytes in the sinusoidal lumen at this period. In contrast, lymphocytes appeared in the hepatic sinusoids after birth and increased with ageing. Phenotypic analysis revealed that intermediate TcR cells appeared in the liver and spleen on Day 4 after birth. Bright TcR cells of thymic origin were also present in the peripheral organs on Day 4. Thereafter, intermediate TcR cells increased in the liver, whereas bright TcR cells increased in the periphery as a function of age. Similarly, thymectomized and congenitally athymic mice had mainly intermediate TcR cells in the liver and, to some extent, periphery. It is concluded that intermediate TcR cells, possibly of extrathymic origin, are generated only after birth and expand with ageing.
- Published
- 1992
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