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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with several comorbidities. Currently used synthetic medicines have various side effects. Herbal medicines are being widely used for management of diabetes. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of poly herbal formulation (PHF) (mixture of Citrullus colocynthis, Syzygium cumini and Holarrhena antidysenterica) in diabetic rats. We evaluated enzyme inhibition activity of PHF by ELISA and anti-hyperglycemic action was assessed in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Animals were divided into 5 groups, i.e., blank, negative control, standard control and PHF 250 and 500 mg/kg dosage respectively. Blood glucose level assessed through one touch method blood glucose monitoring system. The statistical analysis was performed by using one-way ANOVA p value of ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results of study indicated that PHF sufficiently inhibited DPPH at 0.5 mg/mL and serial dilutions with IC50 of 197 μg/mL while α- glucosidase inhibition assay showed marked inhibition of PHF at 0.5 mg/mL and serial dilutions with IC50 of 235 μg/mL. Oral intake of PHF reduced blood glucose level, serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels in wistar albino rats in dose dependent manner. Considering the multidirectional effects of PHF, it is concluded that PHF may be a therapeutic option in management of diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hyperuricemia is a biochemical abnormality and it affects the quality of life. Many medicinal substances are used in lowering the uric acid. The study designed to find hypouricemic effects ofultrahigh dilutions, the gum of Calophyllum inophyllum, Acid benzoicum in oxonate of potassium induced hyperuricemic wistar albinomodel. The experiment consist of 11 groups of albino rats. All the groups were treated with oxonate of potassium except normal control. Healthy group of animals received only distilled water, hyperuricemic control group were given alcohol mixed in distilled water. A standard allopathic medical substance Allopurinol and Acid benzoicum ultra high dilutions were given in time dependent manner (single dose/day) in different experimental groups. Blood samples were collected by rat tail vein bleeding. The uric acid and creatinine levels of serum were analyzed by using standard measuring kits. The Student's t-test was used for statistical analysis of difference between the groups p ≤ 0.05 was reflected significant. Oral intake of Acid benzoicum ultrahigh dilutions reduceduric acid levels of hyperuricemic wistar albino rats in time dependent mode. At 3rd day and 7th day administration of Acid benzoicum ultrahigh dilutions decreased the level of uric acid more ominously as compared to one day administration. However, allopurinol a standard allopathic drug normalized the uric acid level in all experimental groups. The current work showed significant hypouricemic effects of Acid benzoicum ultrahigh dilutions in hyperuricemic wistar albino model. However, clear conclusion of hypouricemic activity of Acid benzoicum needed repetition of experimental work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Invention of many of the new synthetic drugs is based on the knowledge of traditional system of medicine. Trachyspermum ammi L. (Apiaceae) is traditionally used to treat gout and rheumatism. The study was comprised of in vitro determination of total polyphenolic and flavonoid content, xanthine oxidase inhibition assay and in vivo hypouricemic activity of T. ammi in oxonate induced hyperuricemic rat model. In vivo activity consisted of 11 groups of rats each having 6 animals. All the groups except normal control were treated with potassium oxonate. Allopurinol, T. ammi 250 and 500 mg/kg were administered for one, three and seven days (single dose/day) in different study groups (3x3=9 groups). T. ammi has total phenolic content of 145.17 ± 1.70 gallic acid equivalents/g, and the total flavonoid content of 35 ± 2.20 rutin equivalents/g. T. ammi significantly inhibited xanthine oxidase in vitro (IC50= 68.6±0.2 µg/mL). Oral administration of T. ammi significantly reduced serum and hepatic urate levels in hyperuricemic rats in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, fractional excretion of uric acid was increased. The results suggested that hypouricemic effects of T. ammi could be explained, at least partly, by inhibiting xanthine oxidase in vitro and due to presence of phenolic and flavonoid contents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]