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The retrospective analysis of clinical attributes and incidence of uterine torsion was worked out from the last ten year's records, from 2012-21, maintained at the Veterinary Clinical Complex of the institute in Gujarat (India). The overall incidence of uterine torsion was 14.17 %, with a higher occurrence in pluriparous (63.89%) compared to primiparous goats (36.11%). The majority of goats suffered from postcervical torsion (77.78%) than that of pre-cervical torsion (22.22%), whereas the degree of torsion, <180 and >180 vis-a-vis direction of uterine rotation either to the right or left, distributed equally. Goats carried single kid (97.22%) had significantly (P<0.01) higher incidences of uterine torsion than those carried twins (2.78%). From the present study, it is concluded that uterine torsion prevailed in 14.17 % of goats to cause dystocia and was abundant post-cervical in location with higher incidence associated with singleton pregnancies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was conducted to determine the hormonal profile and fertility response in prolonged estrus affected repeat breeder crossbred cows by using modified ovsynch protocol. Total 20 crossbred cows, not conceiving even after more than four services were selected from the semi-arid area of Banaskantha district in Gujarat. They were divided into two equal groups: Group-I (n=10) - cows with prolonged estrus period (> 28 hrs) and Group-II (n = 10) - cows with normal estrus period (18 to 28 hrs). The animals of both groups were treated with modified ovsynch protocol using double dose of GnRH (@ 20 µg) starting from 5th day of estrous cycle. The blood was collected on day 0, 7th, 9th and 25th (15th day post-FTAI) of the treatment for determination of plasma progesterone and estradiol hormones. The conception rates in group I and II were 60 and 70%, respectively. The cows with prolonged estrus had non-significantly higher mean plasma progesterone (3.51 ± 0.45 vs 2.97 ± 0.38 ng/ml) and lower estradiol (44.36 ± 1.74 vs 54.56 ± 2.49 pg/ml) as compared to normal estrus cows on day 0 of protocol. The progesterone levels were significantly (p < 0.05) higher on day 7th (day of PG injection) and 9th (day of second GnRH injection) of protocol in prolonged estrus cows than normal estrus group. The plasma estradiol concentration was significantly (p < 0.05) lower at all the periods in prolonged estrus cows than those of normal estrus group, except on 25th day. In repeat breeding cows with prolonged estrus, the plasma progesterone concentration was significantly higher on day 25 (day 15 post-AI) of treatment in conceived as compared to non-conceived cows, whereas in normal estrus cows, there was no significant difference. While, estradiol concentration was significantly lower in conceived than non-conceived cows in both the groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Present experiment was conducted on Surti buffalo heifers to compare the graded level (0%, 0.25%, 0.50%, and 1% CP) of formaldehyde (HCHO)-treated rapeseed meal (RSM) in compounded concentrate mixture (CCM) on various metabolic indices. A total of twenty Surti buffalo heifers (16-18 months old; 164.68±5.43 kg) were divided into 4 homogeneous groups of 5 individuals each. The CCM was formulated using formaldehyde-treated rapeseed meal (@ 0%, 0.25%, 0.50%, or 1% HCHO-treated RSM CP), damaged wheat, corn grit, cottonseed extract, rice polish (fine), deoiled rice bran, rice flake bran, molasses, urea, calcite powder and common salt. FT-0 group was fed with CCM having untreated RSM, while FT-25, FT-50 and FT-100 groups were fed CCM having 0.25 %, 0.5 % and 1% CP from HCHO treated rapeseed meal. Results revealed non-significant differences in the serum total protein, albumin, globulin, cholesterol, albumin: globulin ratio and aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase activities among different groups of heifers. However, serum urea concentration decreased (p<0.01) due to increased formaldehyde treated RSM (0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1%) in the CCM. Serum T3 level was found elevated (p<0.05) in the FT-50 and FT-100 groups, which revealed that formaldehyde treatment (@ 0.5 % and 1.0 %) had effectively destroyed the glucosinolate in rapeseed meal. Decreased serum urea and increased T3 levels of FT-50 and FT-100 groups indicated the effectiveness of formaldehyde treatment to protect the rapeseed meal without altering other blood metabolites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was conducted to determine the biochemical profile and fertility response in repeat breeder crossbred cows having normal and prolonged estrus by using ovsynch protocol. Total 20 crossbred cows, not conceiving even after more than four services were selected from the semi-arid area of Banaskantha district in Gujarat. They were divided into two equal groups: Group-I (n=10) - cows with prolonged estrus period (>28 hrs) and Group-II (n = 10) - cows with normal estrus period (18 to 28 hrs). The animals of both groups were treated with ovsynch protocol starting from 5th day of estrous cycle using GnRH-PG-GnRH (20, 500 and 20 µg) on day 0, 7 and 9 with FTAI on day 10. The blood was collected on day 0, 7th, 9th, and 25th (15th day post-FTAI) of the treatment to determine plasma glucose, total protein and total cholesterol. Pre-treatment mean duration of estrus in Group-I and Group-II cows was 84.60 ± 5.35 and 25.60 ± 2.79 hrs, respectively, and it declined significantly (p < 0.05) following ovsynch treatment (39.80 ± 5.56 hrs) in Group-I, although estrous cycle lengths were identical in both the groups. The conception rates in group I and II were 60 and 70%, respectively. The cows with prolonged estrus had significantly lower mean blood glucose concentration than those with normal estrus, and the level was also significantly lower on day 9th (induced estrus) in both the groups. The plasma total protein concentration was significantly lower on 0, 9th, and 25th day in Group-I than in Group-II. A non-significant difference existed for protein levels within the conceived crossbred cows, whereas the difference was significant within non-conceived crossbred cows. The overall plasma cholesterol concentration was nonsignificantly higher in Group-I than the Group-II. Blood glucose, plasma protein and plasma total cholesterol concentrations differed non-significantly between the conceived and non-conceived crossbred cows at all periods in both the groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding bypass fat on reproductive performance of Surti buffaloes. Fourteen advanced pregnant Surti buffaloes were selected based on their records of daily milk yield and milk fat percent. The buffaloes were divided into two groups: Control (T1) and Treatment group (T2) with seven animals in each group. The buffaloes in control group were fed with green fodder, dry fodder and concentrate mixture as per ICAR requirements, while animals of treatment group received the same ration but were supplemented with bypass fat @ 130 g/d prepartum for one month and 30 g/kg milk yield for three months postpartum. The days required for uterine involution was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced by 7 days (32.00 ± 0.76 vs. 39.29 ± 0.97) in bypass fat supplemented group as compared to control group. First estrus (50.29 ± 1.25 vs. 62.29 ± 0.57 days) observed after calving (days) and service period (81.14 ± 7.81 vs. 97.00 ± 10.44 days) were decreased (p < 0.05) by 12 and 16 days, respectively, in bypass fat supplemented group over control. The number of service per conception was also reduced (1.43 ± 0.20 vs. 2.71 ± 0.18, p < 0.05) with higher conception rate (85.71 vs 57.14 %) in bypass fat supplemented group as compared to control group. It was concluded that supplementation of bypass fat peripartum to Surti buffaloes hastens uterine involution and significantly improves postpartum fertility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]