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Thepresent research is aimed at studying the structural effect of twophosphoramidate derivatives diethyl 3-hydroxypropylphosphoramidate EHPand dimethyl 3-hydroxypropylphosphoramidate MHPas flame retardants for cotton fabric. EHPand MHPwere obtained in very high yield and purity by one stepprocedures. Cotton twill fabrics treated with the two compounds atdifferent add-ons (5–20 wt %) were characterized. Verticalflammability, limiting oxygen index, thermogravimetric, and microscalecombustion calorimeter analyses were performed, and all resulted inbetter flame retardancy and thermal behavior for MHPcomparedto EHP. A study of the functional groups which appearedon the treated fabrics by attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopyrevealed different binding mechanisms between each compound and cottoncellulose. Analysis of the released gas products by thermogravimetricanalysis-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed some distinctivedetails in the degradation of the treated fabrics during the burningprocess. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we studied the synthesis, characterization,andflammability of the water-soluble, nonhalogenated organophosphorusflame retardant (FR) dimethyl-[1,3,5-(3,5-triacryloylhexahydro)triazinyl]-3-oxopropylphosphonatefor application to cotton fabrics by nonpolymeric network. The FRwas synthesized in a one-step reaction from dimethyl phosphite and1,3,5-triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine under mild conditions, andits structure was fully characterized by 1H, 13C, and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry(MS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The finishingconditions to achieve a covalent bond between the FR and fibers wereoptimized, and the FR capability of the treated cotton was investigatedby limiting oxygen index (LOI), flame test, thermogravimetric analysis(TGA), and micro cone calorimeter (MCC) tests. This study showed thatfabrics treated with the FR are effectively flame resistant, and theFR property is enhanced by covalent bonding of the FR to fibers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]