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Traffic replay can effectively improve the fidelity of network emulation and can support emerging network verification and network security evaluation. A distributed traffic replay framework for network emulation, named DTRF, is designed for large-scale and high-fidelity network traffic emulation on the cloud platform. A fast traffic replay strategy bypassing the kernel is proposed to improve the traffic replay performance in the single node by alleviating the problem of high overhead from the kernel protocol stack. To conveniently expand the emulation scale, an extendable method of workflow orchestration that can realize the flexible control and configuration of the execution process of emulation tasks is proposed. The experimental results show that, compared with that of the traditional method, the throughput of traffic replay is increased by 3.71 times on average, the number of concurrent streams is increased by 4.18 times on average, and the timestamp error of the replayed packets is reduced by 97.8% on average. The DTRF can expand the emulation scenario to a massive heterogeneous network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Virtualization has the advantages of strong scalability and high fidelity in host node emulation. It can effectively meet the requirements of network emulation, including large scale, high fidelity, and flexible construction. However, for router emulation, virtual routers built with virtualization and routing software use Linux Traffic Control to emulate bandwidth, delay, and packet loss rates, which results in serious distortions in congestion scenarios. Motivated by this deficiency, we propose a novel router emulation method that consists of virtualization plane, routing plane, and a traffic control method. We designed and implemented our traffic control module in multi-scale virtualization, including the kernel space of a KVM-based virtual router and the user space of a Docker-based virtual router. Experiments show not only that the proposed method achieves high-fidelity router emulation, but also that its performance is consistent with that of a physical router in congestion scenarios. These findings provide good support for network research into congestion scenarios on virtualization-based emulation platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]