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In the study, MgAl binary water talc (MgAl-CO3-LDHs) was firstly synthesized by a steady-state co-precipitation method and then characterized by XRD, SEM and ICP-OES methods. The effects of n(Mg2+)/n(Al3+) in mixed salt solutions, pH and roasting temperature on the properties of MgAl-CO3-LDHs were mainly explored. The optimal adsorption condition of VO3- on MgAl-CO3-LDHs was determined as synthesis temperature of 25 °C, n(Mg2+)/n(Al3+) ratio of 3:1, pH 8 ± 0.1 and roasting temperature of 517 °C. The adsorption characteristics of MgAl-CO3-LDHs on VO3- were better fitted with Langmuir's isothermal equation and quasi-secondary kinetic equation. The adsorption mechanism was close to the monolayer adsorption with a saturated adsorption capacity of 53.73 mg/g. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel material Bi1-xGdx-BTC was obtained in situ via the solvothermal method. The effects of Gd3+ substitution on the Bi-BTC structure and photocatalytic properties of Bi1-xGdx-BTC were investigated. A standard Bi-BTC structure was observed in the X-ray diffraction spectra of the Bi1-xGdx-BTC(x ≤ 0.07). However, some diffraction peaks were changed when the x is more than 0.07 due to the different ion radius. The developed Bi1-xGdx-BTC samples exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than the pure Bi-BTC material. In RhB degradation experiments, the Bi1-xGdx-BTC(x = 0.03 and x = 0.05) materials show degradation efficiency conversion of 71% within 60 min under visible light. The high photodegradation efficiency of Bi1-xGdx-BTC could be ascribed to efficient charge transfer between Bi(III) ions and Gd(III) ions. Moreover, an active species trapping experiment confirmed that photo-generated ·O2- and ·OH is the major species involved in RhB degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Luminescent perovskite photocatalysts activated by Pr3+ were prepared by combustion. The structural phase, morphology, and chemical composition of the as-prepared photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activities of the synthesized samples were investigated on the basis of the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under UV light irradiation. CaTiO3:Pr3+ was obtained in high purity and good crystallinity with a perovskite structure. The degradation of the photocatalyst was fitted with pseudo-first-order kinetics according to the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model. Compared to CaTiO3:Pr3+, Ca1–xTiO3:Pr3+ (x = 0–0.3) multifunctional materials exhibit higher luminescence intensity and photocatalytic activity toward the degradation of MB. Ca0.8TiO3:0.1%Pr3+ exhibited the best performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanosized magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) with sheet and flower structure were prepared via precipitation reaction between magnesium chloride and alkaline precipitant, such as ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and urea. The structure and morphology of as-prepared samples were characterized through X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Effect of precipitants and surface modifier on morphology and size of nano-Mg(OH)2were investigated. Heat-resistance of Mg(OH)2in polymer was discussed by thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis. Mg(OH)2nanostructure present superior morphology and heat-resistance with NH4OH-NaOH as precipitant and 3mol% acrylic acid as surface modifier. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]