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For achieving a uniform and stable suspension of CeO2 nanoparticles in aqueous medium, Al3+ was doped into the lattice of CeO2 by hydrothermal treatment. Although the doping will increase the probability of adhesion of primary particles with the size of 7 nm, it can effectively prevent the agglomeration between CeO2 particles, greatly improve the dispersion uniformity and suspension stability of particles, greatly narrow the particle size distribution of secondary particles, and make the degree of particle agglomeration controllable. Meantime, the UV absorption property of the product was improved and the absorption peak was red shifted after Al3+ doping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]